Tag: features

  • Mark Sampson

    Mark Sampson

    Mark Sampson photo courtesy of Bad Cat.

    Epitome of the restless designer/tinkerer, Mark Sampson has co-founded four guitar-amplifier companies, two of which – Matchless and Bad Cat – are indelible figures in the trade whose original builds draw perpetual interest from collectors, especially the Matchless DC-30 and SC-30, which are prime examples of “boutique.”

    Sampson started Bad Cat in 2000 with Rick Perrotta, James Heidrich, and Joe Allrich. His departure five years later was less than amicable, but the decades that followed saw both parties flourish.

    In the run-up to this year’s winter NAMM show, Bad Cat announced it was reuniting with Sampson on a new design called the Era 30. We spoke with him just prior, as he dealt with challenges outside the shop; ping-ponging between Mason City, Iowa, and Cleveland while settling his father’s estate, he was also in regular communication with two of his adult children who were minding his L.A. home as the Pallisades Fire approached from three sides.

    “They were in a tough spot,” he said. “We’ve lived through fires and I knew they could handle it, but when we talked, I heard the cracking in their voices.”

    Fortunately, the fire did not reach the house.

    What spurred your return to Bad Cat?
    Well, John Thompson, who has owned the company since 2011, tried for awhile to get hold of me before [L.A. guitarist/producer/songwriter] Joel Whitley connected us. John offered everything I wanted if I came back, including the ability to keep working on other projects, because I love working in studios. In fact, I’m right now working on a patent for two condenser mics and I don’t want to have to set that aside or get too strung out by dealing with the business end of making amps.

    I also didn’t want to be involved in the work of bringing an amp to the manufacturing level, because it’s one thing to build a prototype that works well, but it’s another to make the drawings and employ people for a production line. John and the crew at Bad Cat now are also much more in-tune with the internet and modern marketing. Getting up to speed on all that isn’t what I wanted to do again.

    Anyway, John mentioned that it was about to be 25 years since Joe Allrich and I started Bad Cat, so he wondered if I’d be interested in a 25th-anniversary amp. I pondered it for a while then asked, “What do you really want? Something with one knob, five knobs, 10 knobs?” I wanted to be in sync with his thinking. He said, “You could do an updated version of the original Black Cat 30 with an active effects loop…” and they’ve named it the Mark Sampson Era 30. I built a prototype and let them take it from there. They’ve made a half a dozen and the workmanship is great; I was impressed and we’ll be demoing them at NAMM.

    What is its configuration?
    It has four EL84s with a 5AR4 rectifier tube, four 12AX7s, and an EF86. It’s a little different; it’s got one input jack that feeds both channels with a relay switch between them controlled with a silent footswitch that has LED channel indicators. You can also bypass the relay and feed both channels at the same time.

    And the control layout?
    The EF86 channel has a passive rotary Depth switch for low-frequency roll-down, and, like a tweed Fender, a high-frequency roll-down; it’s a simple Tone control. The other channel is sort of a Top Boost AC30, with Volume, Bass, Treble, and Gain. It has an active effects loop that is hardwire-bypassed, which is one of the things I insisted on and will never get away from because I like the pure sound of an amp with no pedals in the middle or in front of it. I want to just hear the amp, especially for recording; in that world, all the extras just get in the way and add noise. You’re better off tracking clean and dry and then doing whatever effects post-recording.

    In terms of function, what sets it apart?
    Well, each channel has its own Volume, and the channels are no longer out of phase, so you can blend and mix them to your heart’s content without worrying about phase. Also, there’s an overall Master volume so you can play it in a bedroom with each channel set to the gain and distortion you want, then set the overall volume down if you need to. Each channel Volume is pre phase inverter, and the overall Master is post phase inverter, so you can overdrive the phase inverter a bit and get shading of distortion and gain.

    While working on the circuit, we eliminated a lot of the mechanical problems with EF86 tubes rattling because of how their grids are made, which is important.

    Have you and John talked about other amps?
    I’m working on others for him based on existing models that just didn’t sound amazing to me, but there are no firm plans.

    What does your ear want to hear that most amps don’t offer?
    Well, I always want to hear as much harmonic content as possible and a pure, clean tone that adds space around the note. On top of that, it’s got to sound good whether it’s really clean or well-distorted.

    There’s a lot of listening and some compromising when I’m developing an amp. I spend days at my workbench, soldering iron in one hand, a guitar across my lap, just trying things in the circuit. – Ward Meeker


    To read an extended version of this interivew, visit VintageGuitar.com and enter “Mark Sampson” in the search window.


    This article originally appeared in VG’s March 2025 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.

  • Steve Vai

    Steve Vai

    Steve Vai: Larry DiMarzio.

    After finishing a sold-out tour with Joe Satriani and Eric Johnson for the G3 Reunion concerts, Steve Vai joined Adrian Belew and Tony Levin to perform interpretations of the ’80s King Crimson albums Discipline, Beat, and Three Of A Perfect Pair. The band is called Beat, and the result is mind-altering. All this, and there’s a fire-breathing new single from the new G3 Reunion Live album.


    How does playing the music of King Crimson affect your playing?

    I was a fan of ’80s King Crimson. That music was fantastic, and as soon as Adrian asked me, I saw myself playing it. I’m playing Robert Fripp’s guitar parts. It’s a challenge because his style is very different than mine. But I knew it would be fun and felt I could navigate it appropriately and effectively. Playing that music, you get to see me working, as opposed to just playing melodies and solos.

    You integrate your personality but remain faithful to the tunes.
    There’s a beauty and cleverness within the interlocking guitar parts. Approaching it as a guitar player, I had to study Fripp. I got into his disciplinary style. There were two spots where I had to reconnoiter things. On “Frame By Frame,” there’s that relentless cross-picking riff that’s simply outside of my wheelhouse, especially at my age. I didn’t feel like I could play it consistently every night, so I needed to figure something out. So, I took it into my wheelhouse, which is tapping. That worked. It’s reflective of the original, but removed.

    On a couple of the riffs on “Elephant Talk,” I decided to hammer instead of pick. Everything else falls within my ability. When it comes time to take a solo, it doesn’t make sense to sound like Fripp. Fripp said, “If I were sitting in the audience, I wouldn’t want to see you trying to do my kind of solo. I wanna see Steve Vai go crazy!” So, that’s what I do. Adrian and I add a dynamic that’s perfectly balanced for the music. We’re so different, yet we come together on many things within the show.

    “Zeus in Chains” is the first single from the new G3 Reunion Live album.
    It’s got those big chords, and I love playing that song. Whenever I perform it, I feel like I’m in a trance. If a musician is connecting with their instrument, they’re merged with the notes, and it’s a beautiful thing. I have a guitar by my bed. When my wife’s getting ready at night, I sit there and tinker about. Sometimes, something comes up that has some energy in it. I knew it was good because I heard my wife from the bathroom say, “That’s a good one (laughs)!”

    You’re using harmonizers more than ever.
    A lot of that is with the DigiTech Whammy. That has the most authentic, heavy, clear, harmonized sound with integrity. When I use outboard gear like the Fractal, it’s for other types of harmony things – it’s good for upper-end harmonies like a fifth above or creating a chord. DigiTech doesn’t do that. With Beat, I use the DigiTech, but there are songs, like “Industry” or “Thela Hun Ginjeet,” where the outboard gear works better. On “Industry,” I have a five-note chord coming from one note.

    What’s the story behind your Hydra guitar?
    I wanted to create something that was musical and meaningful. The idea was to create an instrument that I could carry an entire piece of music with. I wanted a bass neck, a 12-string neck, a seven-string neck, harp strings, a guitar synthesizer with Sample and Hold features, and Sustainers.

    In the movie Mad Max: Fury Road, there’s a scene where a guy is playing this wild-looking guitar with flames coming out – steampunk! That’s what the guitar was going to look like. It’s a style I really like. The Ibanez guys in Japan went to the wall and built it from scratch. The process took years. When I got the final version, I nearly had a heart attack. The name of the guitar comes from the movie Jason and the Argonauts. The Hydra is a mythical three-headed dragon creature. If you cut off one of the heads, another will grow.

    As I was finishing the Inviolate album, I needed one more track, and the Hydra was standing there. It said to me, “Okay, now it’s my turn (laughs).” It took me six weeks of 15-hour undisturbed days to write and record. Everything you hear is the Hydra in one take. You can watch “Teeth of the Hydra” on Youtube.

    What’s next?
    I’ve been working with Joe Satriani on a new record. In the summer, we’ll do a European tour called Surfing with the Hydra. We’ll play some of the new songs, and the record will follow the tour. – Oscar Jordan


    This article originally appeared in VG’s March 2025 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.

  • Webb Wilder’s take on “Beautiful Delilah”

    Webb Wilder’s take on “Beautiful Delilah”

    “Hillbilly Speedball” sample

    Since the mid ’80s, Webb Wilder has cranked out consistently fine roots-rock. His latest is “Hillbilly Speedball,” and here he grabs his ’61 Gibson ES-330TD plugged into a narrow-panel Fender Vibrolux to play a cover of Chuck Berry’s “Beautiful Delilah.” He’s joined by George Bradfute (on a ’50s Epiphone upright) and Bob Williams on a ’50s Gibson L-12.  Our review of the album and interview with Webb appear in the October issue. Read Now!

  • Shawn Purcell’s Jazz from the East (Coast)

    Shawn Purcell’s Jazz from the East (Coast)

    Influences Aplenty!

    A child of the ’80s, Shawn Purcell grew up listening to Stern, Scofield, and Metheny alongside Zeppelin, Van Halen, Yngwie, and Vai. Here, he shares a take on “Gentle Giant,” using his Benedetto Pat Martino signature model with custom finish. It’s plugged into a Tomas Jackson Musical Electronics PrinceTwin. The song is from his latest album, “Oblivity,” which we review in the October issue, reinforced with an interview where Shawn helps us dig in. Read Now!
  • Jorge Garcia’s FM Anthems, in Jazz

    Jorge Garcia’s FM Anthems, in Jazz

    Fresh takes on revered classics

    Joge Garcia’s “Still Crossing” is a collection of stellar instrumental performances of familiar tunes like “Kashmir,” “Little Wing,” and a classical spin through Joni Mitchell’s “Both Sides Now.” Here, though, he shows us the title track, which is the only original tune. His ’87 Fender D’Aquisto is plugged into a Deluxe Reverb. Read our review of the album in the October issue. Read Now!

  • Dan’s Guitar RX: Doubleneck Redux, Part 2

    Dan’s Guitar RX: Doubleneck Redux, Part 2

    In the November issue, we started to refurbish a doubleneck mandolin/guitar I made for Jerry Schafer in 1977. It needed a new wiring harness, tuners, binding repair, new frets, and a good setup. With teammates Ceil Thompson and Gene Imbody sharing the load, we continued the work.

    1) Gene – our go-to guy for tough electronics jobs – dug into the complicated wiring harness.

    2) In part one, I made new bridge studs and thumbwheels; being larger and heavier, they’ll improve tuning stability and coupling to the body. But, that meant we had to enlarge the holes in the bridge. To avoid chipping the chrome plating, I wiped a thin coat of super glue around the holes, top and bottom, then lightly clamped the bridge in a drill-press vise and lined up the holes vertically with a dowel gauge mounted in the chuck. Once it traveled smoothly through the hole, I tightened the vise.

    3) I then bored the holes larger to fit the new posts. After drilling, the hardened glue removed easily with acetone applied with a cotton swab.

    4) Ceil replaced the worn out Schaller tuners. As luck would have it, one screw head snapped off, leaving its shaft in the peghead.

    5) The fix involved StewMac’s Screw Rescue Kit – a steel tube with teeth on the ends that acts as an extractor – and a cutter to make wooden plugs fit through the extractor hole.  

    6) Ceil clamped a 3/8″–thick piece of acrylic with a 3/16″ hole over the screw to keep the extractor centered and keep its teeth under control. 

    7) The result was a clean (slightly oversized – 3/16″) hole that exposed the screw…

    8) …making it easy to grab the screw with a hemostat.

    9) To fill the hole made by the extractor, Ceil used walnut from the same piece I used to cut the guitar’s neck in ’77 (it also went into Albert King’s Lucy as well as Jerry Garcia’s “Jerrycaster” in ’71).

    10) After coating the plug with hide glue, Ceil pushed it in, wiped off the squeeze-out, and clamped it flush.

    11) Once the plug was dry, she drilled a new hole and drilled in the screw to cut threads before reinstalling the tuner.

    12) She polished the new frets that she’d installed on both necks. She’ll also put a new bone nut on each neck.

    In part three, we’ll repair and replace the binding, then string it up and see how it sounds.


    Dan Erlewine has been repairing guitars for more than 50 years. The author of three books, dozens of magazine articles, he has also produced instructional videotapes and DVDs on guitar repair. From 1986 through his retirement in late 2019, Erlewine was part of the R&D team, and company liaison for Stewart-MacDonald’s Guitar Shop Supply. Today, he operates a repair shop in Athens, Ohio, as well as building replicas of the guitars he made for Albert King and Jerry Garcia in 1972. This column has appeared in VG since March, 2004. You can contact him at danerlewine@gmail.com.


    This article originally appeared in VG’s February 2025 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.

  • Fretprints: Wes Montgomery

    Fretprints: Wes Montgomery

    Wes Montgomery is an iconic guitarist – a titan in the jazz genre. Boasting a style as unique and inimitable as Django Reinhardt or Jimi Hendrix, he burst upon the scene in 1960 and immediately redefined the sound and attitude of modern jazz guitar.

    Montgomery’s records for the Riverside label inspired countless musicians before he moved to Verve in ’66, when he widened his sphere of influence with Goin’ Out of My Head to reach a mainstream audience. His affect is unquestionable; Benson, Martino, Metheny, Klugh, Remler, and Whitfield, as well as fusion guitarists Coryell, Scofield, and Ritenour bear marks of the Montgomery sound and style. Moreover, his impact on rock players includes Carlos Santana, Pete Townshend, Robbie Krieger, Eric Johnson, Andy Summers, Steve Vai, Joe Satriani, and Stevie Ray Vaughan. Full House, from the height of his jazz period, is one of his most-celebrated albums. Though jazz albums in the era were largely “live in the studio” blowing sessions, the band’s chemistry and excitement before a live crowd make it a masterpiece.

    Montgomery was renowned for the warm, full sound produced with his thumb, which he used instead of a pick. He had a large callous (“corn”) that contributed to the attack and was double-jointed, which facilitated quick alternating strokes, though he predominately favored down strokes. Throughout his career, he preferred Gibson L-5 archtops with very heavy strings (.014-.058). By ’62, he’d acquired a sunburst L-5CES with a Florentine cutaway, PAF pickups, and compensated ebony bridge. He plugged into the new piggyback Fender Bandmaster (pictured on the back of Full House).

    Montgomery is recognized for his parallel-octave melodies, which became the prominent identifier of his later pop style, typified by “Tequila,” “California Dreaming,” and “Windy.” In the early ’60s, he used octaves in conjunction with single notes and chord textures to develop a three-tier improvisation approach, progressing logically from single-note lines to octaves then block chords to produce a sense of form and direction in his solos. He took the idea further with improvised passages epitomizing the call-and-response phraseology of the blues or alluding to the chord punches of big bands. This formula was pursued regularly in his Riverside and Verve periods, and is particularly apparent on the Full House track “Cariba.”


    “Full House” is a career defining piece that captured and redefined the jazz waltz. Played in a Latin feel for intro and head, the tune exploits an animated 3/4 swing groove for solos. This excerpt (1:41-2:04) presents Wes’ ideas over the bridge’s cycle progression and verse vamp sections, depicting two sides of his musical personality. Note his use of sequential patterns over Bbm7-Eb7 and chord outlining albeit with melodic surprises over the modulating changes. His melodies over the Fm-Bb7 vamp emphasize the marriage of modal extended melodies and blues licks. Wes’ attractive intervallic lines are found in measures 8 and 16, key spots in the progression, adding another dimension to his improvisations. The fast ascending arpeggio motif in 19-20 is a signature sound that occurs in many of his minor-mode flights.


    In 1962, Wes won his second readers’ and critics’ polls in Downbeat and he was rapidly ascending in status, which warranted a live album. He had no regular working band, so logistics were daunting. Orrin Keepnews, head of Riverside, devised a touring schedule to coincide with a live recording; Wes played Midwest and East Coast dates in January and February with the Montgomery Brothers, then appeared in Atlanta in March. In April, he played the Tsubo coffeehouse in Berkeley, then in May joined John Coltrane at the Jazz Workshop in San Francisco. By that point, the Bay Area was his second home, and Tsubo offered a particularly relaxed, conducive environment and suitable acoustics.

    Keepnews noted that Miles Davis was booked at the Black Hawk with a stellar rhythm section from Kind of Blue – Wynton Kelly (piano), Paul Chambers (bass), and Jimmy Cobb (drums). He arranged a recording session accordingly for Monday, June 25, when the trio had a free night. Though Miles himself balked, his refusal to pay the band on its day off allowed them to record with Wes. Rehearsals were sandwiched between June 22 and 24 and the group was joined by tenor saxophonist Johnny Griffin, who was also in town for the Jazz Workshop and rose to the occasion and was declared a star in his own right. The quintet quickly developed an intuitive and sympathetic working relationship and recorded two 55-minute sets of the same tunes that, when pared down to the best takes and LP length, became Full House.

    Wally Heider was recruited to oversee recording and the tracks were mixed live on an Ampex two-track deck; turned-away fans from the crowd were treated to a preview in the parking lot during playback. Heider’s skill and Tsubo’s attentive, enthused audience (club noises were minimal compared to Smokin’ at the Half Note) resulted in one of the sonically best live jazz albums of all time.

    The program and content captured the growing dominance of the hard-bop style. Decidedly groove-oriented and with less-blistering tempos, it was earthier and simpler, melodically and harmonically, than previous bebop incarnations. It frequently referenced minor modes with elements of gospel and R&B, and borrowed liberally from the blues to pave the way for soul jazz – the natural outgrowth of earlier styles. It was an aggressive East Coast response to the more cerebral, sedate West Coast “cool jazz.”


    Wes’ solo in “Cariba” is one of his finest. He enters at 5:40 after Griffin and builds 11 inspired blues choruses, applying modal and hard-bop shadings as well as customary blues elements. Choruses 4-6 contain definitive examples of his octave style; after his segue from single-note improvisation at 6:27 [A]. He plays Fm7 arpeggios over Bb7–implying typical extensions, outlines an exotic substitution, Bm7-E7, to approach the IV chord Eb7, and then proceeds to mix Bb minor pentatonic and major/minor blues sounds. Wes’ chord work is highly rhythmic, riff-based and so groove conscious it borders on funk. Case in point is the passage at 8:00 (B). Here, he locks into a catchy figure over Bb7 that epitomizes soul-jazz. More varied and colorful jazz voicings are heard over Eb7-Bb7. Note Wes’ trademark use of diminished chords (as symmetrical inversions and chromatic runs) in [B] measures 5-6.


    “Full House,” the album’s opener, was the eighth tune recorded. Wes’ jazz-waltz original poses a brief Latin-tinged modal intro riff (also used as the outro) against a bouncy 3/4 vamp groove (Fm7-Bb7) in the main theme (:17). His inherent blues tendencies, pentatonic/hexatonic references, and funky syncopations enhance the tune’s melodic and rhythmic aspects while suiting the underlying, slightly ambiguous F-minor modality. An elegant bridge (:47) supplies contrast with more-defined tonality (cycle-of-fourths progression) and stop-time rhythms. Wes’ solo (1:09) ushers in a related 3/4 swing feel and smoothly progresses from elegant modal/bebop lines to octaves, first as rhythmic punctuations (3:03) and then full extended phrases (3:18-3:57).

    “I’ve Grown Accustomed to Her Face,” a popular Broadway tune from Lerner & Loewe’s “My Fair Lady” became a contemporary standard recorded by countless jazz artists and served as a traditional ballad highlighting Wes’ chord-melody playing. Accompanied by a nearly inaudible rhythm section of bass and drums, he renders a beautiful, understated chordal reading of the verse and chorus sections, highlighting and expanding the unusual changes with his own harmonic variations and substitutions. A striking point of interest typical of Wes’ imaginative tangents is heard in his digression in the eight-bar intro and outro, evoking a haunting Spanish mood with idiomatic droning open-string chords.

    “Blue ’N’ Boogie” is a rhythmically active 12-bar blues penned by Dizzy Gillespie. Its inclusion personifies Wes’ jazz-blues predilections and acknowledgement of bebop forebears with its riff-based head (stated in unison and harmony by Montgomery and Griffin) and lengthy virtuosic improvisations of single notes and octaves. Encouraged by their performance in the first set, they increase tempo from 108 to 132 bpm (cut time) in Take 2; simplifying the decision-making procedure reflected in the album’s final playlist. Virtually every track was chosen from the second set and deemed superior, after the first set warm-up. A few choruses of Wes’ solo were edited out for time on the original LP but restored to full length in CD reissues.

    “Cariba” was a highlight of the milestone date. Montgomery’s composition juxtaposes a bright Latin-jazz feel on a 12-bar blues in Bb and imbues it with an F-minor modal feel, underscoring the minor-conversion practice emblematic of hard bop. He and Griffin play the theme together (Montgomery in minor-mode block chords and octaves) over the straightforward I-IV-V changes. Wes’ solo is a telling demonstration of his ability to build a moving and effective jazz statement, so driving it borders on Latin rock with improvisations progressing from three choruses of single-note lines to five choruses of octave melodies, transitioning to a chorus of mixed octaves and chord punches, and finally, two choruses of block-chord phrases.

    “Come Rain or Come Shine,” was the opener of the sets but is fifth in the LP running order. Harold Arlen’s standard has been a favorite jazz number for years (even covered by Ray Charles and James Brown) and provided an ideal vehicle for Wes’ melodic inventiveness. The faster and more-assured second take was preferred; the first was included in the ’87 CD reissue and provides interesting comparisons. Montgomery plays the simple theme with numerous rhythmic and melodic bop variations; adding octaves to the last eight bars before handing it over to Griffin. Montgomery re-enters at 1:56 and plays one of his most-definitive solos, two 32-bar choruses in single-note bop lines, and two choruses in octaves over a propulsive hard-swing groove enhanced by Cobb’s superb brush work.


    “Come Rain or Come Shine,” the classic American Songbook standard, received new life in Wes’ hands. The second half of the first chorus (2:15-2:34) finds him cultivating a number of innovative modern-jazz sounds that are sonic identifiers of his expansion of bebop. Prime among these are the hard-bop minor-conversion substitutions over common changes: Abm7 (hexatonic) over Fm7-Bb7 (measure 1-2), Dm9 and Abm7 over G7 (8-10), Ebm6 over F7 (11-13), and a more-exotic modality over A7 in 7-8. Wes neatly offsets the complexity of these phrases with closure on C blues over Am7b5-D7-Ab7-G7-Cm in 14-16. Note his double-stop riffs and straight pentatonic melody in this section.


    “S.O.S.” Wes’ uptempo modern-jazz original, is the track that most closely projects the bebop lineage of Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie. This is heard immediately in an intricate main theme that features spirited interaction, fast, tight unison lines rendered by Montgomery and Griffin, and charging solos by both. The title refers to friend and Bay Area drummer Scotty Oliver Scott. The third take was chosen over the second (implying an initial abortive first exists somewhere, a conundrum considering only two shows were recorded) and the tempo increased from 92 to 100 bpm (cut time).

    “Born to be Blue,” Mel Torme’s atmospheric blues ballad, was unissued until CD releases. The arrangement’s problematic ending and Kelly’s playing in the first take were considered inadequate, but were immaculate on the second, yet the song was omitted from the LP for time reasons. In retrospect, both of Montgomery’s performances of the tune were so strong and soulful (and contained some of his finest improvisation) that the decision seems arbitrary today, particularly in light of his cadenza (6:49-7:10) not heard in the earlier take. He overcame the disorganized ending by injecting his improvisational prowess into the second try. A telling example of a jazz player’s quick arranging on the bandstand, Wes re-thought the coda and opted to play a solo guitar cadenza (6:47) of single-note improvisation and chord-melody phrases on the second.

    Released in November ’62, Full House was promise fulfilled. All expectations of Montgomery’s vaunted artistry and growing supremacy were realized with the album, which became a beacon in the jazz world, particularly among guitarists. The original LP (the only intentional live album of his career) contained a mere six tracks, while the ’87 remastered CD offered three additional pieces – “Born to Be Blue” and first-set takes of “Come Rain or Come Shine” and “S.O.S.” The 1992 box set Wes Montgomery: The Complete Riverside Recordings added two more alternate takes with fully restored sections,“Born to Be Blue” and “Cariba.” The Complete Full House Recordings (2023) celebrated his centennial with a 14-song program including first takes of “Blue ’N’ Boogie” and “S.O.S.” and Wes’ fully restored solo on “Full House.” Posthumously issued concert recordings reveal Montgomery continued to include “Cariba” in live broadcasts from the Half Note (February, ’65 with Wynton Kelly’s trio). He played “Full House” with his own quartet routinely during a European tour of England, Belgium, France, Holland, and Germany that spring. In April (Paris with guest Johnny Griffin), he included “Blue ’N’ Boogie” (segued into “West Coast Blues”) along with “Full House” to revisit and reignite the potent guitar/sax chemistry on Full House.


    Wolf Marshall is the founder and original Editor-In-Chief of GuitarOne magazine. A respected author and columnist, he has been influential in contemporary music education since the early 1980s. His latest book is Jazz Guitar Course: Mastering the Jazz Language. Others include 101 Must-Know Rock Licks, B.B. King: the Definitive Collection, and Best of Jazz Guitar. A list credits can be found at wolfmarshall.com.


    This article originally appeared in VG’s February 2025 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.

  • Pop ’N Hiss: Grand Funk’s We’re An American Band

    Pop ’N Hiss: Grand Funk’s We’re An American Band

    Grank Funk onstage in Amsterdam, 1974, Mel Schacher on a Gibson Ripper, Mark Farner with his custom-made L5-S. Grand Funk: Gijsbert Hanekroot/Alamy.

    Thundering out of Michigan in 1969, Grand Funk Railroad quickly became one of the most popular bands in the world.

    In just three years, vocalist/guitarist Mark Farner, bassist Mel Schacher, and vocalist/drummer Don Brewer released five studio albums, became a major concert attraction, and scored Top 40 hits with “I’m Your Captain (Closer to Home),” “Footstompin’ Music,” and “Rock ’N Roll Soul.”

    However, change was coming. Manager Terry Knight had produced every GFR album through 1971’s E Pluribus Funk before the band took the reins for Phoenix, which featured guest keyboardist Craig Frost. Farner wasn’t a fan of the self-production approach, so he left it up to Brewer, Schacher, and Frost.

    “Too many chefs spoil a stew,” he recently told VG. “I was saying this and they were saying that, so I told them, ‘You guys go ahead and mix it. I would rather have peace of mind and not be fighting.’ I don’t like to argue, I don’t like to bicker. I figured, ‘Hopefully my guitar will be heard.’”

    In the run-up to 1973’s We’re An American Band, they made Frost an official member, hired Todd Rundgren to serve as producer, and shortened their name to Grand Funk. Coinciding with the reinvention, they even floated the idea of poaching Peter Frampton from tour openers Humble Pie before he signed with A&M as a solo act. The alterations kicked the band to an even higher level, as the album reached #2 on Billboard on its way to selling more than a million copies; the title track became their first to top the Hot 100 singles chart.

    Farner recalls that the changes and the band’s musical approach weren’t part of any strategy.

    “There was never, ever any consideration or planning,” he said. “It was just the evolutionary change of getting older and maturing. Those are the songs that come out of you at that time in your life.

    “I was actually against adding anyone,” he noted in regard to personnel. “I liked the three-piece lineup, but I was outvoted, and Craig was my friend. He still is.”

    The importance of the producer’s role – leading the sessions and forcing the band to focus – was a major reason they brought Rundgren in for American Band; they also considered Rick Derringer and Frank Zappa.

    “When it was down to Rundgren and Zappa, we threw their names in a hat,” Farner said, adding that Zappa got his turn on 1976’s Good Singin’ Good Playin’.

    American Band was recorded with all four in the room, playing together.

    “We played live, just like any other time we cut an album,” remembered Farner. “We had it rehearsed because we didn’t want to spend a lot of time and money in a studio. We were very frugal.”

    He credits Rundgren’s production for giving the album Grand Funk’s true sound.

    “When we played live, we had a sound. It was undeniable – people loved it, came to see it and bathe in it – and he got that on the record. Terry never did that; all the studio albums he did were just that – studio albums. But with Rundgren, the tonalities and the way he used compression gave it more life. And I am a tone maniac – I have to have my tone. He appreciated that.”

    The title track was created with a push from management, who wanted the band to do an autobiographical song. Written and sung by Brewer with (uncredited) assistance from Farner, it became a #1 smash and the band’s anthem.

    “Brewer came in with the lyrics. I wrote the chord changes and I told him we needed cowbell on it. He said, ‘I don’t have a cowbell.’ I said, ‘But it’s screaming for one. Think of all the hit records that have cowbell, and if we start this with a drum riff and cowbell, man, it would be killer.’ He said, ‘I’ll pick one up.’ I said, ‘Pick up six of them and we’ll find one that matches best, tone-wise, to the chord that starts the song.’ So, he did. We picked one, and it was a very memorable sound that matched the key of D very well.

    “Then I taught Don the drum lick on the intro, because I could hear it in my head; I conveyed it to him and he said, ‘Man, I can’t do that.’ I said, ‘Do you know who you are? You’re Don Brewer!’ He practiced, and within three days he had it.”

    We’re an American Band” was the first song cut on the first day, was mixed and mastered the second day, and quickly released. The single was shooting up the charts while the rest of the album was still being recorded. Its other hit, “Walk Like a Man,” a hard-charging, R&B-influenced rocker, brought an odd lawsuit.

    “I had worked on the music before the guys got to rehearsal; Brewer wrote the lyrics, and the Four Seasons sued us because they had a song titled ‘Walk Like A Man.’ So here I am in depositions with their attorneys, who asked me, ‘Why did you say this?’ And I said, ‘I didn’t. I wrote the music. The music doesn’t come close to the Four Seasons. You’ll have to ask the drummer.’ Finally, they looked at each other and threw up their hands.”

    Before the sessions, Farner had retired the well-known Musicraft Messenger he modified to prevent feedback by stuffing it with foam and covering the sound holes with tape. In its place, he played a custom-made Gibson L5-S.

    “I got to pick the wood from their racks in a temperature-controlled, humidity-controlled warehouse,” he said. “That L5-S sang its tunes!”


    This article originally appeared in VG’s February 2025 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.

  •  The Guitars of Gary Rossington 

     The Guitars of Gary Rossington 

    Gary Rossington’s ’61 Les Paul SG Standard, ’61 Les Paul SG Standard with replacement Vibrola tailpiece, and ’66 SG Standard. All photos by Drew Tricaso, courtesy of Chicago Music Exchange.

    When the time came for Gary Rossington’s family to decide what to do with his guitars and amps after his passing in March of 2023, daughters Mary and Annie along with his wife, Dale, looked for advice from his lifelong friend and bandmate, Rickey Medlocke.

    The stash was considerable – 71 guitars including his famous ’61 Gibson “Free Bird” Les Paul SG, his first Silvertone, and the Custom Shop SG he played at his final concert in November of 2022 at the Ryman Auditorium – along with 55 amps.

    “We were at a loss with what we were suddenly in charge of,” said Mary. “Ricky suggested we call Andrew Yonke at Chicago Music Exchange, saying he could answer all of our questions.”

    The common fate for high-profile guitar collections these days is sale via auction house. But the Rossingtons, being uninterested in the commerce the guitars would certainly generate, were focused instead on furthering Gary’s legacy.

    Inspired by Rossington, having been invited to play Duane Allman’s ’57 goldtop in 2016 (after which he told Alan Paul, author of Brothers and Sisters: The Allman Brothers Band and the Inside Story of the Album That Defined the ’70s, “Duane was my main inspiration growing up; he was my first and greatest influence and always will be.”), the family asked for Yonke’s help getting some of the guitars in the hands of players who truly cared about what they were and could help them be heard by generations of players to come.

    Yonke was enamored with the idea. And the women knew that Medlocke had steered them right. “We instantly felt like we’d known Andrew forever,” said Mary. “There was a really good vibe.”

    To assess the collection and get a feel for the task, Yonke and CME Vintage Manager Daniel Escauriza visited the Rossingtons in Atlanta.

    Notes created by Rossington and his wife, Dale, offer precious insight on every guitar in his collection.

    “The first day they were here, they opened every guitar case and examined every amp with meticulous, careful hands,” recalled Dale. “We learned a lot about Gary’s guitars that day, and we were so pleased – and relieved – because it was overwhelming to be responsible for them.”

    Rossington used the headstock of this ’61 Les Paul SG to bash cymbals during the finale of “Free Bird.” Its tuners are Kluson reproductions.

    “We really just wanted to know what was in our possession,” Mary added. “Getting them documented and insured was goal number one. Goal number two was figuring out what we could do with them: How do we keep these beautiful instruments preserved correctly? How do we further his legacy?

    “He got such a kick out of playing Duane Allman’s guitar, and always talked about how that was so special,” she added. “We thought,‘That’s the kind of thing we’d like to share with other players’.”

    While 30 of the guitars were in Atlanta that day, others were in storage areas and the homes of friends. Eventually, they all made their way to Chicago.

    Yonke first met Rossington in 2017, when Guns ’N Roses guitarist Richard Fortus invited him to take in a show by Lynyrd Skynyrd and Hank Williams, Jr. Afterward, Fortus introduced Yonke to Medlocke, and the two bonded over all things guitar, then stayed in touch.

    Rossington, Yonke said, was a true “guitars as tools” musician – he didn’t do guitar safaris on tour stops and didn’t gather collectible pieces or chase tones. His gear is exemplary of that pragmatism; “Choosing gear for a tour, he’d say, ‘Where’s my SG? Where’s my Les Paul? Let’s go!’” said Yonke.

    The same applied to his amps; as Skynyrd gained steam, they were supplied Peavey amps that served them well, and when word got out that the amps were at CME, Yonke’s phone started ringing. Despite the stash famously including back line Marshall stacks from the band’s earliest days at Hell House – the lake cabin where they wrote “Simple Man,” “Tuesday’s Gone,” “Sweet Home Alabama,” “Don’t Ask Me No Questions,” “Gimme Three Steps,” and “Free Bird” – most were curious about the others.

    “Probably 25 famous players called,” he laughed. “And 22 of them asked about the Mace amps.”

    Yonke says it’s been relatively easy to attach specific guitars to stages in Rossington’s career, thanks to photos and video online.

    This ’61 SG Les Paul (left) was used every time Rossington played “Free Bird.” He used it live until Gibson made an homage replica in the early 2000s. His other ’61 SG has a replacement Vibrola.

    “In the months just before the [October ’77] plane crash (that claimed the lives of singer Ronnie Van Zant, guitarist Steve Gaines, backup singer Cassie Gaines, the band’s assistant road manager, and both pilots), every photo and video you see shows him playing the late-’60s SG with the small nut. And in the early days of Rossington Collins Band, he had a ’61 with side-pull trem. There’s another ’61 with a Vibrola that he’d bang against a cymbal as they played the outro of ‘Free Bird,’ so it’s headstock is bit hacked up, which is especially cool because most of his SGs are so well cared for; he didn’t wear bracelets or anything that would beat up the guitars.”

    Another guitar of interest is Dottie, a late-’60s Les Paul Deluxe that Rossington had modified in the ’70s, routing it for humbuckers and painting it sunburst.

    “In Rossington Collins Band, he played vintage SGs, Bernice (Rossington’s ’59 Les Paul Standard that resides in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame), Dottie, a few backups, a Dobro, and some older acoustics,” Yonke said. “Then, with the re-formation of Skynyrd, other instruments entered the mix including late-’80s/early-’90s Les Pauls, D’Angelicos, and a few that people gifted to him. There’s a really cool black ’80s ES-335 he used on a gig or two, but there are very few photos of him using anything other than a Les Paul or SG.”

    While sorting through the first 30 guitars in Atlanta, Yonke and Escauriza were delighted to learn that Gary and Dale had cataloged the guitars – she with pen and paper, jotting as he mentioned details about each. She recalls there was no specific reason – no health concerns – and that it was simply something they did while spending time together.

    “It was fun,” she said. “As we opened each case, he would say a few things that I’d write down, then he’d sign the paper.”
    In the early 2000s, Gibson approached Rossington about building a reissue of Bernice and an homage to the “Free Bird” SG. Given the skyrocketing value of his vintage instruments (not to mention their notoriety), he agreed it would be a good idea to retire them and play the new versions. And as anyone will tell you, Gary was not a collector. In contrast, he was the classic, “guitars are tools” player, uninterested in accumulating instruments or chasing collectibles.

    “He knew the instruments, and especially the few that worked best for him,” Dale said. “When we opened those guitars, I don’t think he pulled them out or touched them. If he actually held one, it wasn’t for long, but he would say, ‘I remember where that came from,’ and who had given it to him or sold it to him. And of course he remembered which were used on certain songs.”

    “So, you open a case and the note inside says something like, ‘Loved it, played “Free Bird” on it every night,’” said Yonke.

    Some of Rossington’s gear awaits its turn on display at CME.

    Once the guitars were ensconsed at CME, Yonke and his staff set about designing display space and strategizing how to get them in front of visitors – and audiences. Yonke will keep the family involved in every decision regarding who plays the guitars in a concert setting.

    “I want them to be comfortable with whatever we do,” he said. “We need to know that they find joy in this.”

    And when a guitar is offered, neither the family nor CME will ask artists to play anything specific. Rather, they’ll be encouraged to tell the audience what they’re feeling with it in their hands, and play a song of their choice.

    “To have that opportunity to give back and hopefully inspire these younger generations to keep playing true music, to learn guitar, and practice as hard as he did,” said Mary. “We want artists around the world to use them and help further the music Daddy helped create.”

    Their first opportunity happened November 7, when Charlie Starr and Blackberry Smoke played in St. Augustine, Florida. Yonke and Escauriza personally delivered the ’61 SG (after it traveled in its own airplane seat next to them) to Starr, who is a family friend, a devout fan of Rossington’s work, and even played a bit of guitar when Gary and Dale renewed their vows.

    When he was approached, Starr was bit taken aback.

    “My first reaction was ‘Why do I get to be the first person to play this guitar?’ I hold Gary and the music he and Skynyrd created in extremely high regard, and we do have quite a long history with them, but it was still a surprise and a gigantic honor,” he said.
    Blackberry Smoke’s choice of songs to play with it required a bit of discussion.

    Rossington’s much-played and highly modified ’66 SG Standard.

    “We’ve never performed ‘Free Bird,’” he added. “Not even when we were playing covers in clubs. I always felt like that song was sacred and belonged solely to Skynyrd, not to be fiddled with… However, this is a guitar that Gary really only played one song on. So, I figured, ‘Let’s do a section, then ease into ‘Tuesday’s Gone,’ which made sense to me, metaphorically, and is another one of Gary’s most-beautiful guitar melodies, and that guitar might be the best-sounding and best-playing example of a ’61 side-pull Les Paul SG that I have ever had my hands on – no exaggeration! I literally plugged and played, nothing else necessary. The piece of wire he used to lift the strings and a slide were sitting there in the case pocket, but I didn’t disturb them.”

    Gary Rossington in 2003. Dale Rossington, Charlie Starr, and Mary Rossington at the St. Augustine Amphitheater on November 7.

    “It was a quieter crowd, and when Charlie put the guitar on and started talking, every cell phone came out,” Dale added. “I don’t think there was a dry eye in the crowd. As soon as he plugged in, he said they knew what they had to do, so they put together ‘Free Bird’ and ‘Tuesday’s Gone,’ and it was magical. It sounded incredible onstage, and so pure.”

    “Losing Gary was the roughest thing that our family has had to go through,” Dale added. “And being able to hear someone as fabulous as Charlie play his guitar was one of the biggest delights we have had since we lost him. We are gaining so much from this experience and we really hope we can continue.”


    The Vault at CME

    Chicago Music Exchange CEO Andrew Yonke. All photos by Drew Tricaso, courtesy of Chicago Music Exchange.

    Conveniently coinciding with the arrival of Gary Rossington’s collection, Andrew Yonke and the staff at Chicago Music Exchange recently opened a new display area where customers and visitors can sit comfortably amongst instruments and take their time playing them or simply enjoying their auras.

    CME Vintage Manager Daniel Escauriza.

    The concept began almost by default. Around the shop, employees commonly referenced two large storage areas as “the vault.” Also, the store did an ad campaign showing guitars and amps perched in front of an actual old bank vault in a building across the street, and customers then started asking to see the vault, only to be told it wasn’t really a thing.

    But their requests inspired Yonke, and when the store transitioned some retail space in an adjoining building, he had a massive metal door installed leading to it and hired an artist to decorate it with ’30s-style pinstriping and a logo in gold leaf. The Vault was born, conceived with a casual and comfortable atmosphere, properly decorated and where anything and everything can be played in a studio-like setting.

    “There’s a lounge area large enough to accommodate an entourage of road crew and friends,” Yonke said. “The main seating is in front of the main display.”

    Before the room was ready for prime time, Riotfest happened in late September and they were asked to host a few acts. One player who visited was Judas Priest guitarist Richie Faulkner (VG, June ’24), who was looking for a Custom Shop Strat. His visit gave Yonke the chance to see The Vault in action.

    “At the end of the day, I was able to stand back and say, ‘This is exactly why I did this!’ Everybody had a great time, and some players left with the instrument they were hoping to find. That’s the whole point of the room.”

    And while displays in The Vault are museum-quality, there are no “Do Not Touch” signs. In fact, Yonke is adamant the room will be inclusive, and not strictly high-dollar.

    “Right now in the room is an Epiphone acoustic that I paid $400 for, and it is awesome. It’s right there on a stand. Half the people who walk in ask, ‘What is that doing in here?’ I hand it to them and they go, ‘Whoa!’”

    The area has 16 wall cases, none with locks. Still, it’s not a free-for-all.

    Rossington gear on display in The Vault.

    “I can’t physically do that,” Yonke says. “A sales person has to sit with everyone, especially if we’ve never worked with them. We need to know what they like and may be looking for, so we can curate the experience.

    “The future of guitar stores is going to come down to building relationships and the experience,” he added. “Hundreds of people visit us every day, and they come here to dream and to touch. The Vault lets them do that, and in the short time it’s been open, there have been so many people checking in just to see what’s in there. Anytime someone is serious about an instrument but they’re not in Chicago, Nathaniel Murphy will plug it in and create a video showing the details and sound of that guitar or amp they’re eyeballing.” – Ward Meeker


    To read Vintage Guitar’s interviews with and memorial to Gary Rossington, search his name on www.vintageguitar.com.


    This article originally appeared in VG’s January 2025 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.

  • Wes Beech

    Wes Beech

    Photos by Paisley Beech

    From the moment he met Rod Swenson and Wendy O. Williams, things for Wes Beech were never really “normal.”

    Walking into the basement of their loft for an audition, Beech didn’t know he was about to become part of a stage-storming, car-smashing, guitar-chainsawing artistic statement called the Plasmatics.

    The product of Swenson’s high-functioning mind (if you’re into evolutionary theory, do a search), the group “formed” when he met Williams in 1977; his Master of Fine Arts degree from Yale was by then nearly a decade old and he was running a repertory company called Captain Kink’s Sex Fantasy Theater, producing counterculture plays at a burlesque joint buried in the grit of Times Square. Connections to the city’s punk scene via Captain Kink’s tech staff who were members of bands that played CBGBs led to Swenson directing nascent music videos by Dead Boys, the Ramones, Patti Smith, Blondie, and others. His work reflected his philosophy – that true art is measured by its ability to confront. And in Williams, he found the perfect ally to very loudly express rage against consumerism and society’s constraint of artistic expression.

    The band was a perfect fit for the eclectic Beech, who grew up hearing his parents’ pop records and music on the radio along with the classical music favored by his mother before he discovered The Beatles and blues.

    “From all of that, I developed a love for melody,” he said. “As a musician and songwriter, I’ve always been drawn to it.”

    From the day he scored his first real electric guitar – an Ampeg Dan Armstrong see-through – Beech’s taste in instruments has been uncategorizable, much like the Plasmatics.

    What first actively drew your attention to music?

    My mother listened to WOR, in New York, and it played a lot of crooner-pop songs. Perry Como’s “Catch A Falling Star” was one of my favorites. The first rock song I remember hearing was on the radio when I was with my father in the car; they played “Telstar,” and there was something about that sound that really leapt out at me. From then on, I listened to a lot of AM radio. I was hooked.

    What made you want to play guitar?
    Of course, like millions of my generation, it was seeing The Beatles on Ed Sullivan. I know it’s trite, but for me, that was definitely it. In fact, I took pictures of the TV screen with my little Kodak Brownie box camera, showing Lennon, McCartney, and Harrison singing together.

    I played saxophone through high school and even in college – I was a music major for a brief spell and in the marching band and concert band. But, my younger sister, Laurel, took classical and flamenco guitar lessons from childhood, and she got really good. The first guitar I ever held was hers. When she got to high school and discovered boys, she pretty much put it down, so I picked it up and used her instruction books, then started playing along to records.

    What was Laurel’s guitar?
    She had a Goya nylon-string and a flamenco that I don’t really remember the name of, but it was nicer than a beginner model.

    What spurred your next step?

    After seeing The Beatles, I asked my parents for an electric guitar for Christmas, and they went to Sam Ash and brought home a Vox Ultrasonic – the ES-335 copy. Unfortunately, its neck was warped and it was years before I knew a guitar was meant to played past the fifth position (laughs). And I could barely hear it through the little Lafayette amp I got from the electronics store the next town over.

    What were the first things you were good at playing?
    I loved playing rhythm parts and chords, and I had a really good sense of rhythm from being in the school band for so many years.

    While recording Wendy O. Williams’ solo album, producer Gene Simmons asked Beech to bring different guitars to the studio. One of them was his ’56 Les Paul Junior (left) that Simmons used to record an uncredited rhythm track on “It’s My Life.” Admitting he has never learned who made it, Beech says of this funky lucite Les Paul copy, “I thought it would be a cool pair with my Dan Armstrong. But it’s very heavy and always made my shoulder sore after a set. And it sounded terrible!” Acquired in the ’90s, a Roswell Rhoads had long been on Beech’s bucket list. Beech first saw this Westbury in an ad. Thinking the company would be receptive to having a rock player use one, he called and told them he could play it when Plasmatics played the ABC late-night show “Fridays.” Its six-way switch selects tones from the DiMarzio Super Distortion pickups.

    When did you first jam with someone else?
    My neighbor had a drum set, so I’d go to his house, but he drowned out my little amp every time (laughs). He was big into Cream, so we’d play Cream songs and Beatles songs, hacking along at it.

    When did you get the Dan Armstrong?
    I was in my early teens.

    Was it noticeably better?
    It was much easier to play and had a really thin neck, so it fit me perfectly. I really liked it. It was heavy, but that didn’t bother me.

    How many of the pickup modules did you have?
    Just two. I looked for years trying to get more, but never found any. They worked well, and I played that guitar for a while in Plasmatics.

    Did it shape your preference for guitar tones?
    No, I mostly kept the single-coil in it, but it was thin-sounding and I started wanting something meatier. I started getting into humbucking pickups, and for years I was a solid humbucker guy, but not really a Les Paul guy. Only recently have I gone to Strats and the single-coil sound, just for something different.

    What amp did you have with the Dan Armstrong?
    An Ampeg B-15 I bought from a classmate, and it was my main amplifier for a long time. I used it with effects like an Electro-Harmonix LP-1 power booster and some fuzzboxes and phase shifters.

    Did you have that rig in your first group?
    No, I had a silverface Fender Twin. In college, I played in a blues band – mostly saxophone that I miked. I played a bit of guitar and flute, and the Twin was really loud – and clean (laughs). When I made the transition to playing just guitar, I got rid of it. For saxophone, it was great.

    What kind of songs did that band do?
    Mainstream blues – we opened with J. Geils’ “Whammer Jammer,” with the singer doubling on harmonica. We were a five-piece working-class band with two of us on sax and a guitarist going through a piggyback ’60s Bassman with at 2×15″ cab that sounded amazing. We gigged pretty regularly, playing dive bars and having a lot of fun.

    You earned a degree in liberal studies with a minor in music, art, history, and comparative literature. Did you have career aspirations outside of music?
    No, I was really focused on it. After college, I got a job working for the Board of Elections, but I joined a punk-rock band called The Accidents, and we toiled away at CBGBs and Max’s Kansas City, playing all week; we could never get weekend gigs.

    Which bands were playing weekends at the time?
    Oh, the Ramones, of course, Johnny Thunders and the Heartbreakers, Blondie, Talking Heads.

    What was your rig at the time?
    The Dan Armstrong and a Mosrite. Amp-wise, I had a Vox Super Beatle for a while, then a Sound City 120-watt with two 4x10s. It wasn’t the best-sounding amp (laughs).

    Did that band attain any notoriety?
    We wrote songs and did some recording, but never went anywhere. When guitarist Joe Katz left, it slowly fell apart. But what was funny is one night after rehearsal, I was , and out of a studio down the hall came a guy I knew from high school. He asked, “Hey, you want to go down to CBGBs? My aunt’s boyfriend’s band is playing. It’s their first night and they need people.” We walked in the door and there was this four-piece band, the Plasmatics.

    Beech with his Gibson Futurama. “[We] never made the same album twice. We’d progress, and every album was different. I always said we were a punk-rock band until we learned that fourth chord.”

    What was your impression of them?
    I didn’t really care for them (laughs) – the sound wasn’t very good. But of course I was transfixed by Wendy and her stage presence. And, I remember how their bass player had a shaved head and would count into the songs in Japanese. They did have a unique look; the guitar player wore a white butcher jacket and his hair was spiked. They looked serious! Wendy paced the stage, shout-singing into the microphone. I was impressed by that.

    Fast-forward to six months later, and I find an ad in The Village Voice looking for “the world’s fastest rhythm-guitar player.” The ad didn’t mention “Plasmatics.” I was a rhythm player and I played fast, so I thought, “This is a perfect gig.” So I went to audition, and their bass player answered the door. I immediately recognized him, and was a bit surprised.

    How did it go?
    They were in a loft in lower Manhattan, and we went to the basement with these low, sweaty pipes. It was packed with people auditioning because a week before the ad, they had a huge feature in Cue magazine where Wendy talked about how they were taking over the music scene.

    Were they all auditioning for rhythm guitar?
    Yeah, so I sat and waited my turn. But I was hearing the same song – “Want You Baby” – over and over; they were seeing how fast all these players would pick it up. It was basic punk-rock stuff – pretty easy to play – and by the time I got in I’d been rehearsing it in my brain for a half hour and they were duly impressed that I picked it up so fast (laughs). Plus, they had just released a three-song 45 that I bought and I learned beforehand. I told them we could go through those songs, too, and they were very impressed by that.

    Wendy wasn’t there – it was just the band and Rod Swenson. They said, “We like you. Do you want to come back?” So I went back when they narrowed it down to three players – me, a new-wave guy, and a girl. All of us played through a few other songs with them.

    Did you know any of them?
    Nope, but I was invited back a third time and they said, “We really liked the way you play, but we’re looking for somebody lean and mean. Can you lose some weight?” So I went on a crash diet and lost 30 pounds in three weeks – I lived on nothing but black coffee, cottage cheese, and green peppers. I’m 5’9″ and weighed 180, then got down to 150. I was motivated because I really wanted to be in the band.

    When did you first meet Wendy?
    At the first rehearsal. Their loft was on the fifth floor of an old walk-up. I walked in and in the middle of the room was Wendy in the bathtub. She looked at me and said, “You must be Wes. Hi, I’m Wendy.” I looked at her and thought, “This is going to be some ride.” (laughs)

    Anyway, we practiced for a while before she came in, and the chemistry was there from the beginning. They wanted another guitar player because Richie Stotts had this really wild style, and they wanted to bolster the sound when he took leads. That was perfect for me.

    Once you joined, how did things go?
    We rehearsed every other day from 6 p.m. until 10 p.m., then all day Saturday and all day Sunday. That was a pattern that repeated itself for years.

    Had you added to your guitar collection by then?
    I came to that third audition with a white Flying V that I’d just got. Richie also played a Flying V, and he really liked mine; after I joined, he asked to trade for one of his other guitars. I’d been eyeballing a lucite Les Paul copy with Dan Armstrong pickups at We Buy Guitars, so I told him, “If you get that, I’ll trade you for the Flying V.” He went and made the deal, and I got the lucite guitar, which I still have.

    What drew you to it?
    It was familiar, yet unusual. I’ve always gravitated toward unusual guitars.

    What did you think of its sound when you first plugged in?
    It sounded terrible (laughs). It became a backup right away, and I kept using the Dan Armstrong.

    What was your next important guitar?
    I saw an ad in Guitar Player for a Westbury guitar that looked like a Les Paul with DiMarzio pickups and six-way rotary switch. In the ad, there was a country guy playing it.

    Westbury was a division of Unicord, which was on Long Island, where I lived. So I called and told them I was the manager for the Plasmatics and talked about how we were doing all these high-profile gigs and the guitar player was interested in trying their guitar. They invited me down and I met with the president and vice president, Bob Harrison, and they gave me a Westbury Custom. Bob asked, “Have you ever thought about using Marshall amps?” and I said, “I’ve used them in rehearsal, and like them.” Marshall had just released the JCM800 and he said, “Check this one out.” So we got a Marshall endorsement; I got a couple JCM800s and never looked back. I’ve used them for years – they’re great amps with great sound.

    Did you get to ditch the drive and fuzz pedals after that?
    I did, since the Marshalls have a Master Volume. I just used a chorus, compressor, and an EQ.

    What was it like as the Plasmatics became one of the biggest draws in the area?
    We were constantly playing. When Stiff Records took notice of us, plans were made to record an album with Jimmy Miller as producer. He’d produced the Rolling Stones’ Let It Bleed, Goats Head Soup, and Exile on Main Street and had just finished Motörhead’s Overkill, so he had a lot of credibility.

    Jimmy flew over and we got ready to record New Hope for the Wretched at Media Sound, in Manhattan. It was a really great studio, but Jimmy ended up not doing much. One night, he got up and left. We sat around for an hour then started looking for him – he was in the ladies room, passed out. Apparently, he had picked up a heroin habit while hanging out with the Stones. Another time, he left and we didn’t see him for three days. Ultimately, Rod, Dan Hartman, and engineer Trevor Hallsey had to salvage the album.

    Did the Plasmatics have any sort of substance issues?
    No, we’d have the occasional beer or drink, but Wendy was totally straight. She used to jog five, six miles every day. I’ve never seen anybody with so much stamina. We’d come off stage sweating and gasping, but Wendy would be standing there, ready to go again. She was such a powerful person and singer.

    She was constantly working on songs and lyrics with Rod. She’d jog with a Walkman and practice singing. A typical rehearsal was the guys working on new material for an hour or two, then Wendy would come in and we’d run through the entire set like it was a live show – same intensity. By the end, we were panting and sweating, then Wendy would look at us and say, “That was great. Let’s do it again.”

    Did she and Rod have an overarching vision for the band?
    It was his conceptual art piece. Wendy was fearless – she did her own stunts, and they were always coming up with bigger and crazier things to do. The mission statement was, as Wendy used to say, “We draw a line in the sand, and then we’re going to step over it.”

    The intense rehearsals would indicate you were very serious about the music.
    We really had to be, because there was so much going on – explosions, Wendy with a shotgun – you had to be on your toes (laughs). But we strived to be really tight, so we practiced until the songs were second-nature and you could focus on being where you were supposed to be.

    The original bassist, Chosei Funahara, looked the part but had no timing – his playing was loose. We worked with him for a long time. He even had a music teacher, but it didn’t take. So we had to move on. As we were getting ready to do the first record, we auditioned a number of bass players, including Jean Beauvoir – a young guy who was a really good player and had toured with Gary U.S. Bonds when he was 15. We hired him, and he was around for the first two albums and tours, then Chris Romanelli came in and played on the next couple. We really liked Chris; he was into metal – Sabbath and bands like that. He also played guitar and wrote songs.

    How would you describe your own playing when you started with them?
    I was still learning, and they pushed me as hard as I pushed myself. We would study records before rehearsals – the latest AC/DC or Motörhead record, Ozzy or Judas Priest.

    How did song composition work in the band?
    We’d each bring ideas to rehearsal, then we’d listen and decide which to start working on.

    Did you all have different influences?
    Definitely. Everybody came from a different place, and that was another thing that really helped the band; Richie was a blues guy, I was a saxophone guy and approached from a melody standpoint; “Squirm” is a melody-driven song because that’s how I approached creating it.

    When Guild A&R rep Vince Marreca defected to Kramer, he hosted the Plasmatics at the factory in Neptune, New Jersey. After selecting the bodies, necks, electronics, and hardware, Beech left with three – two in the most-outlandish colors they offered, the third with airbrushed graphics (p. 54). Beech’s newest go-to is this Kiesel Sophie Lloyd. “The slim neck, fast action, Sustaniac pickup, and light-up switch make it fun to play,” he says. Beech’s Sardonyx appears on the cover of New Hope for the Wretched and toured heavily until it was broken by a stage-crashing spectator. He played on TV’s “Solid Gold” and “SCTV.”

    Did you ever talk about influential guitarists?
    Yeah, Richie liked Albert King, B.B. King, Buddy Guy… On our first tour, we were in Chicago and went to the Checkerboard Lounge to see Buddy Guy and Junior Wells. It was pretty amazing.

    In terms of musicianship, how would you compare Plasmatics to the Ramones, New York Dolls, or other bands on the New York punk scene?
    I think we were right up there with any of them. And what I always especially liked was we never made the same album twice. We’d progress, and every album was different. I always said we were a punk-rock band until we learned that fourth chord (laughs), and then we started to become more of a heavy-metal band. People call us punk, but really, we were just a rock band. We never put ourselves into that punk-rock thing.

    When did you start adding oddball guitars to your collection?
    Early on. I was an avid guitar-magazine reader, and saw an ad for Sardonyx in Guitar Player. I thought, “Man, that’s the coolest guitar I’ve ever seen.” So I called and talked to Jeff Levin, who, I found out, was based in Brooklyn. I went to his shop and bought one, on the spot. It became an iconic part of the Plastmatics’ look – I’m holding it on the front cover of New Hope for the Wretched, and I played it constantly until we did a show at the Santa Monica Civic Center, where someone from the crowd jumped onstage and ran right into me and snapped the headstock off.

    Ouch!
    Yeah, I was devastated. When we got back to New York, I took it back to Jeff and he did a really good job repairing it. After that, I retired it from the road because I didn’t want to take any more chances.

    Do you remember what you paid for it?
    I think it was $799 – a lot of money at the time.

    What are some of the others?
    I recently got a Roswell Rhoads. I always wanted one because they’re so cool and futuristic; mine is lucky number 13. I also have an Explorer, a Moderne, and a couple Epiphones, which are really cool.

    Ritchie and I were Guild endordsers, and I got an X-79 after seeing the guys in Judas Priest play one. I also got an M-80.

    When Guild’s A&R guy, Vince Marreca, moved to Kramer, he asked if I wanted to try them. He sent a limo to our rehearsal space, and me, Michael Ray, and (bassist) Greg Smith went out to their factory in Neptune, New Jersey. They showed us guitar bodies and necks, and told us to pick some so they could put guitars together on the spot. I picked two Voyagers, and grabbed the most-outrageous colors they had – lime green and bright orange – and they put them together with a Seymour Duncan JB pickup in the bridge, one Volume control, and a Floyd Rose. They’re really nice.

    Did you use both quite a bit?
    Yeah, I used them on Coup d’Etat, Maggots, and Wendy’s metal album, Deffest! And Baddest! I also used a Destroyer I got from Ibanez.

    How did Wendy’s music compare with Plasmatics?
    It was very similar. Her first solo album was produced by Gene Simmons. We did 32 dates on their Creatures of the Night tour, and afterward, Gene wanted to produce a Wendy project – didn’t want to use the Plasmatics name, so it became a Wendy O. Williams album even though many of the songs were written for a Plasmatics record.

    How many Plasmatics played on it?
    Just me and drummer T.C. Tolliver. Richie was supposed to play, but his leads weren’t up to Gene’s standards. Richie quit the band at that point. Chris was going to play bass, but two weeks before we went to the studio, he got into an argument with Rod and left abruptly. Gene looked at Rod and me and said, “We weren’t going to use him anyway.”

    Really, Gene didn’t want to use any of us on the record, but Wendy stood up for me and T.C. because she wanted to keep that sound, and she was comfortable with us. It worked out pretty well. Gene brought a guitar player he discovered, Michael Ray, who was really good and became lead guitarist in Wendy’s solo band. Gene played bass on every song under a pseudonym for contractual reasons, except “Legends Never Die.” Greg Smith did the live shows. Eric Carr played on “Legends Never Die” and did some background vocals. Vinny Vincent co-wrote one song.

    Kiss had just toured Brazil and their equipment was on its way back, so Paul [Stanley] went to a guitar store and grabbed a Kramer. It was my job to sit with him and go through chord changes and cues so he could choose a part to record. But he wasn’t feeling it, so he ended up playing just the motorcycle sounds at the beginning of “Ready to Rock.”

    Beech dressed this Guild X-79 with a scalloped fretboard and skull-and-crossbones tuning pegs. Guild offered him a signature model based on the guitar he calls “Gumby.” This is the prototype. Beech used this Ibanez Destroyer on several Plasmatics and Wendy O. Williams albums. A Guild X-82.

    It was interesting because the previous record, with Dieter Dirks producing, was very tight – we rehearsed 10 hours a day with a click track, playing songs over and over. I learned a lot about recording with Dieter. Gene was 180 degrees opposite. We’d go through the songs once and he’d say, “Okay, see you tomorrow.” The result was a more open-sounding record, more commercial. It’s really good, but unfortunately, it didn’t get promotion.

    Ace Frehley played on a Wendy song, too…
    He played the solo on “Bump ’N’ Grind.” I wasn’t there that day, but I was told he did a few takes and they used his first. It was really good.

    What are some of your fondest memories of the band?
    Working with Wendy, hanging out with her. She was like an older sister to me – always laughing, always happy, always watching out for the band. She made sure everything was there per our contract rider, made sure we were eating healthy on the road.

    Wendy was such a solid person. She promoted personal freedom and wanted people to be themselves and live life to its fullest, which she certainly did.

    What did you talk about with her?
    Music and life. She always wanted to know how I was doing. Before rehearsals, I’d stop at record stores and buy cutouts – I was a music lover and wanted to hear what other bands were doing. So I’d walk into rehearsal with a bag full of records and Wendy would say, “Hey, Wes, whatcha got there?” She’d tear into them (laughs), sometimes asking, “Why are you buying this?” She got a kick from giving me a hard time about some of my selections.

    What do you hope people remember about her?
    That she loved music, animals, and exercise. When the band was over, she became a wildlife rehabilitator in Connecticut. Hearing that she ended her life was such a shock. To me, she was always happy, but you never know what’s inside someone. I know she missed performing and being onstage. Rod moved on to other academic things, so she didn’t have that anymore. I visited her and Rod on many occasions, and talked to her not long before she died.

    I still think about her all the time. She was such a big part of my life for so long. Her death was a real shock, a real loss. There will never be another performer like Wendy.

    Plasmatics music and its aesthetic were so counterculture that they were never going to be a Top 10 hit or rotation on MTV, which was important at the time.
    No, our videos were relegated to the 4 a.m. slot, and they only showed each once or twice – though we did have a video on “Beavis and Butthead” (laughs).

    What do you see as the band’s place in music history?
    It’s unique. We’ve been called “a cultural footnote,” and that sums it up pretty well. We never got a lot of airplay, didn’t sell a lot of records. Mainstream media was afraid of us – afraid of what the band and Wendy represented, which is unfortunate because hers was such a positive message. She was on the cover of Vegetarian Times and used to say she wouldn’t eat anything that had a face. At one time, she and Rod were growing 90 percent of the food they ate, which was incredible when you think about it.

    But, people are starting to take interest in the band again. They just got a request for a movie that wants to use posters of Wendy on the set. Zoe Kravitz, Liev Schreiber, and a few other A-list actors are involved.

    The Plasmatics name is still out there, and I’m always happy when I talk about it.


    To read a list of Wes Beech’s personally curated list of songs for listeners new to the Plasmatics, and the stories behind them, visit www.VintageGuitar.com.


    This article originally appeared in VG’s January 2025 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.