Tag: features

  • Status Quo’s Francis Rossi

    Status Quo’s Francis Rossi

    Rossi in 2012. Francis Rossi live: Christie Goodwin.
    Rossi in 2012.
    Francis Rossi live: Christie Goodwin.

    “I’m only as good now as I should have been when I was 25,” laughs Francis Rossi, the 64-year-old lead guitarist, singer, and co-composer in Status Quo. “That’s why I practice at least two hours every night. I’ll watch some guitarist in a band opening for us and think, ‘I can’t bloody watch this,’ because I can’t possibly follow him.”

    It sounds incredibly modest for someone whose band recently released its 100th single in Britain (more than 60 of which have charted, with 22 reaching the U.K. Top 10) and has sold nearly 130 million records worldwide. Status Quo is so revered in its native country, that Rossi and rhythm guitarist Rick Parfitt have been awarded the Order Of The British Empire.

    Rossi, born May 29, 1949, in London, co-formed the band that morphed into Status Quo under the Scorpions moniker in 1962. In ’67, as psychedelic music entered the British and American charts, the band’s name was changed to Traffic Jam, then, to avoid being mistaken for Steve Winwood’s band, Traffic, management suggested they dub themselves Status Quo. The following year, the band enjoyed its only American hit to date, “Pictures Of Matchstick Men,” highlighted by Rossi’s memorable guitar break. Parfitt joined Quo shortly after, and the duo has been the backbone of the band ever since.

    In addition to his body of work with Status Quo, Rossi has released a pair of solo albums; 1996’s King Of The Doghouse, and One Step At A Time three years ago. One of Britain’s most outrageous rock stars, in 1967 he paid £70 for the ’57 Fender Telecaster that helped him become an iconic musical fixture in England. 

    As a youngster, who were the first artists to make an indelible impression on you?
    Those who really made me want to learn guitar were The Everly Brothers, because they accompanied themselves on acoustics; I just wanted sing and strum. I thought they were the donkey’s knob, which is a British expression meaning very good. I was also very keen on Bruce Welch from The Shadows because he played rhythm (guitar), and that’s what I thought I could do. I never imagined I could learn to be a lead guitarist.

    I grew up in an Italian family that listened mostly to Italian opera. I heard Radio Luxembourg, and that was it, really. There wasn’t much pop music for me to get. It wasn’t until later, when I went to the States, that I realized that most of the music I liked was by country artists or country-influenced artists that had pop hits. Americans piss me off because they’ve got such strong voices (laughs)! And the country singers – they’re damn good!

    Since you’re so identified as a Telecaster player, was James Burton an early influence?
    I wasn’t aware of people like him. I wasn’t one of those guys who made an effort to search out music, probably because I’m so bloody lazy. I didn’t know about people like Robert Johnson or the obscure American blues guys. I eventually got it from people like Rory Gallagher and Peter Green, Fleetwood’s Mac’s original guitarist. So, I was getting it third-hand from white boys who got it from black boys.

    What was your first guitar?
    When I was very young, my dad bought me a Guild Starfire, then a stereo Gibson. Later, I was doing things with Pete Ham from Badfinger, and he had this black-and-green Grimshaw, which was kind of a Les Paul copy. I loved it, and swapped my cheap guitar in return for his, but then the bridge collapsed and it was no good. I was in Scotland, and at that time you couldn’t get guitars repaired so easily. So, I tried these two Telescasters for a week, and asked our roadie, “Which one shall I keep?” He told me to keep the one with the sunburst. I still own it and have this love-hate relationship with it because it doesn’t stay in tune. However, onstage, it’s absolutely wonderful. So, the chances of my changing guitars now are very remote.

    What’s the story behind your trademark green Telecaster?
    Well, the first thing I did after buying it was to sand it down. I had this cheap furniture polish my wife had bought, so I decided to paint it black. Well, at first it looked fantastic, but by the time I got to our gig, it looked really horrible. So, I took it back home and painted it green. I’ve never actually finished painting it, and it’s in a terrible state, but the real joy of it is that I realized early on that no one would want to knick it. Generally, people who steal guitars are not guitar players. They’re usually punters. So, if they saw a nice, shiny glitzy guitar, they would pick that up first before knicking my funny-looking Telecaster with splits in it and shavings missing.

    What changes have you made since purchasing it 46 years ago?
    The only things that are different now are the machine heads. We only changed them for the first time around 15 years ago. Now, it seems we have to change them every year or two. I sometimes have problems with the bottom E string, but why the machine should roll sharp, is against all laws of physics.

    Do you still use it for recording?
    No, I don’t. You know, the other day I was talking with this longtime fan of ours, and he seemed so broken hearted because I said I hadn’t played it on any Status Quo recordings for over 25 years. I have various other Telecasters I use in the studio, but I can only use the trademark Tele onstage because it doesn’t really sound that good anymore. Other Teles sound better, feel better, play better, and I’ve really tried playing them onstage with a live rig. I don’t know why, but then I feel like a fish out of water… or maybe it’s just that I’m out of my normal comfort zone. So, I always go back to the green Tele.

    (LEFT) A 16-year-old Francis Rossi with his band, The Spectres, in 1965. (RIGHT) Status Quo in its prime.
    (LEFT) A 16-year-old Francis Rossi with his band, The Spectres, in 1965. (RIGHT) Status Quo in its prime.

    What type of gear do you use onstage?
    Using in-ear monitors was a bit weird for me at first, but they’re definitely the way to go. We used to have lots of Marshall 800 heads behind us, but now I only keep one in the back, in case I need it. We keep an AC30 and then there’s a simulator, which goes straight to my ears. The simulator just sweetens the sound and gives me a little extra bit of drive. After about 40 minutes onstage, the Telecaster loses a little bit of it, and all you hear is this clear sound. I don’t think a Marshall and a Telecaster should be put together. We’ve used both for years, but I would ideally use just an AC30 if I could.

    What about in the studio?
    I very rarely use an amplifier anymore when recording. When you use Line 6 Pods, the signal is clear, so you can push the levels (high) and all you hear are the signals. With amplifiers, there’s always some sort of harmonic distortion when you’re trying to mix.

    You’ve always used heavy strings.
    Yes, I use .10s, and it’s an important issue at the moment because I use a very flat neck with very flat frets. So, I always have an issue with tuning. When you have two Telecasters being played simultaneously, as with me and Rick, if one is out of tune, it can sound bloody awful.

    How would you describe the way you and Rick work together?
    Something magical happens the moment we start playing onstage. I don’t pretend to understand it, but I’m sure if I did, it would lose what people see in us. Years ago, we would say things to each other like, “You play this part, and I’ll play the bottom,” but now everything just happens instinctively and people obviously like it. Anything Rick and I do, we don’t mess with, because as humans we always find something wrong, and want to fix it.  I’ve always felt that anything that Status Quo has done, I should leave alone, because then my ego would get involved, and I might get so insecure I wouldn’t like anything.

    You’ve had signature guitars made with your name. How do you feel about signature guitars in general?
    I think it’s wrong for these manufacturers to make some poor kid think that if he buys one of these say Brian May or Eric Clapton ones, he’s going to sound like them. It took me years to realize that I can’t pick up a Clapton guitar, even with his rig, and sound like him. I’ll still sound like me. Something unique goes on in the hands. I don’t know what it is. They even did a signature on my Tele, [but] there’s no way it’s going to make someone else sound like me.

    Any favorite guitarists?
    I love Jeff Beck because his pure fretting is so clear. Ritchie Blackmore has such great classical influences, and I also really admire Don Felder, who used to play with The Eagles. His playing is rocking and he’s steaming away, but it also has sweet melody in it. The solo he played on “Get Over It” is so incredible.

    Status Quo’s music has always been an amalgam of very different styles.
    Yes, that’s very true. The thing I’ve always maintained about Status Quo is that it’s kind of a pop, country, rock, blues band. There are certain fans who absolutely hate it when we lean too much [toward one genre]. I never like to intellectualize too much about music, because it’s really just a bunch of notes that happen to appeal to certain people. I can never justify what I like. When I started out, I could feel the guitar sounds in my body. Things like that, to me, are the real joy of music.

    Status Quo has been a major band in most European countries, yet it’s practically unknown in America. How do you reconcile this?
    We were offered an American manager in the late ’60s, but he wanted to take half of what we would earn, so we told him, “F*** off.” Everybody kept telling us, “Your success isn’t going to last,” so we thought we’d look foolish trying to chase the American dollar. In retrospect, that was a huge mistake. Today, we would be able to do 5,000- to 7,000-seaters (in America) instead of being offered 1,200-seaters, which we won’t do because it would be too expensive to carry our regular production. We would have to shortchange the American audiences with cheaper, rented gear, and we would never do that.

    But, do you have any idea why Status Quo’s music hasn’t been embraced over here?
    Who knows? We just didn’t persevere. For ages, we’ve had fantastic reactions in just about every other place. America is such a huge place, and that’s healthy for any band. I would love for us to be big in America, are you kidding? If only for my (American) wife to be able to say to her family, “Look who I’m married to,” instead of being thought of by them as just some old guy who plays guitar in a band.

    As the group has just released its 100th single, how do you feel about its future?
    I suppose it’s good, but when I was 25, it did not seem possible to think of a band lasting 40 or 50 years. In the 1950s and ’60s, people were expected to be into this type of music between the ages of 12 and 16 or 17. Then they were expected to get married, settle down, and music was no longer supposed to be important. Our parents said that this type of music was just for kids and not valid, but I think because it has lasted, we’ve proved them wrong.

    On the new album, Quid Pro Quo, Status Quo sounds like a hungry young band.
    We are all actually in our 20s, but we stick on these fake wrinkles (laughs)! You’re talking to a guy who’s 64, and a lot of people think someone my age should be doddering around and walking with a stick. Mick Jagger and Paul McCartney are six and seven years older than me. I like to call both of them “uncle” just to wind them up. When I’m onstage, I never think about age.

    So, you have no intention of slowing down in the near future?
    I think there’s something in older bands that says, “I’m gonna hang on as long as I can.” In my case, what the f*** else can I do? I have no education whatsoever. I was such a loudmouth and dickhead in school that I left when I was 15. In this business, if you make it, by God, you’d better hang on. I’m so lucky, because there are very, very few of us who have been as fortunate. It all could have gone terribly wrong for me.  

    After doing this for 50 years, do you still crave the adulation?
    I’m like a child somewhat – an insecure little show-off. I really see myself as this spoiled child who got everything he ever wished for, yet sometimes I still lust after other people’s mundane lives. You know what they say, “Be careful what you want, because you might get it.”

    What do think a psychiatrist would say about this?
    It’s mainly the ego. In my case it never seems enough. I need this badly to validate me as a person. In some ways it’s quite sad, vacuous and pathetic, for a man of my age to get up onstage after all these years and still think, “Look at me, everyone. Please tell me I’m good. Please clap!” Why? Because as musicians, if you don’t go down, well, you get upset. You think, “Okay, they’re a useless audience.” No, the audience was fine. We’re the act that didn’t make it tonight.


    This article originally appeared in VG March 2014 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.


  • Eastwood Marksman 5

    Eastwood Marksman 5

    EASTWOOD_MARKSMAN_5

    Eastwood Marksman 5
    Price: $999 (retail)
    Info: www.eastwoodguitars.com
    .

    Reviving great and unusual designs from the past has been the focus of Eastwood Guitars since their inception in 2001. For well over a decade now, Mike Robinson and his crew of guitar fanatics have resurrected classics from the likes of Airline and Mosrite. In doing so, Eastwood makes available modern renditions of some of the great, esoteric guitar designs of the twentieth century, obviating the need for enthusiasts to scour pawnshops or the dreaded black hole that is the Internet. But there’s an added bonus: Unlike their vintage inspirations, these instruments will intonate and not require major repairs or modifications to be gig-worthy.

    In considering the Marksman 5, one might wonder why Eastwood would choose to spotlight the guitar design of a manufacturer better known for their amplifiers. The answer is that the Magnatone Mark V which inspired the Eastwood Marksman 5 was created with the help of one of the fathers of the solidbody guitar, Paul Bigsby.

    The Marksman 5 utilizes two large-pole-piece single-coil pickups along with a standard setup comprising volume, tone, and a three-way pickup selector. The body is chambered mahogany for weight reduction, and a set mahogany neck features a 22-fret rosewood fingerboard with dot inlays. The guitar’s 1.625″ nut width and 24.75″ scale length give it a friendly feel, while the hardware includes a roller bridge, a Bigsby vibrato, and a smooth-feeling set of open-gear tuners.

    The Marksman 5 was tested using a Fender Deluxe Reverb and a Vox AC15, along with an assortment of effects. Out of the gate, the guitar boasted a great feel and setup with well-dressed frets. The neck is full and round without being excessively large, and the Marksman 5 is neither body- nor neck-heavy. The vintage beauty of its ’60s-style three-tone sunburst more than adequately showcases the nicely grained mahogany body. Another classy touch is the guitar’s set of Waverly-type tuners, which, despite their period-correct look, gave a substantial and positive feel while tuning the instrument, yet did not load down the headstock with excessive weight. Eastwood deserves kudos for a fine fit and finish and its choices in hardware and appointments.

    Beginning with the selector on the neck pickup, the Marksman 5 was quite round and clear, producing a pleasant and soothing tone. Switching to the bridge pickup, the tone became brighter, as one would expect, but retained the smooth, round quality of the front pickup. The sound of both pickups together was great for fingerpicked parts, with its fine mix of clarity and warmth. No matter the pickup or tone setting, the Marksman 5 impressed with its roundness and complete lack of harshness. But don’t think the Marksman 5 is not versatile – it could certainly get bright, or bassy, yet it exhibited an old, round sweetness to everything that was played through it.

    The Bigsby and roller bridge worked just as well as one would hope, allowing everything from delicate flutters to hopped-up whammy action without throwing the instrument horribly out of tune. Of course, delay or reverb enhanced the dreamy quality of the guitar, while adding drive enabled the guitar to create a great wash of sound perfect for a rhythm track. The Marksman 5 was especially fun to play with a germanium fuzz, its sweet and round tone making the fuzz react in a kinder, less spitting fashion that was pleasing to the jaded ear. Overall, the guitar certainly handled effects well, and proved adept as a less “in your face” tonal choice.

    The Eastwood Marksman 5 is a great instrument for those who want a Kalamazoo/Gibson feel, with perhaps a more subtle and introspective vibe. Thinking of it as a Melody Maker with a less bluesy tone, along with a handy Bigsby vibrato to enhance its otherworldly vibe, begins to give a good picture of the Marksman 5’s capabilities. The guitar’s roundness of tone, regardless of the area of the neck played or the choice of pickup position, should pull any player in from the get go.


    This article originally appeared in VG February 2014 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.


  • Popa Chubby

    Popa Chubby

    Popa Chubby: Clay Patrick McBride.
    Popa Chubby: Clay Patrick McBride.

    Popa Chubby is back on the road again, preaching the gospel to blues fans around the world. His new album, Universal Breakdown Blues, is a rollercoaster through the many facets of blues and rock. His stamp on tradition brings new life to the genre with a combination of tongue-in-cheek humor and mean guitar. Chubby plays relevant blues about fractured people and strange situations.

    What’s new in Chubby Land?
    We’re just hittin’ hard, plain and simple. The last couple of years have been pretty tumultuous. When people ask if I’m taking a break from touring the answer is always “No.” I can’t, for a lot of reasons. Not only because it’s what I do, but also because I’m playin’ the blues. I take three months off and I’m broke. A brother has to keep on playin’ the blues. When you have nothing left but your guitar, then you can play the blues.

    How do you handle the life you’ve chosen?
    You stay grounded and focused. You become a casualty, or you embrace it for what it is and try to use it and realize it’s a way to bring a lot of good stuff to a lot of people. That’s why you’re doing it. I choose to go that way. I’m not one of those guys you’ll find hanging at the bar all night. I’d rather go back to my room and watch a movie. Preferably not alone, mind you (laughs)!

    What was the idea behind the new disc?
    Life kind of dictates concept. There are a couple of records in my life that are really important to me. One is Indianola Mississippi Seeds, by B.B. King and it’s some otherworldly s**t. And Freddie King’s Getting Ready is one of my favorites. So I tried to incorporate that sort of feel.

    Did you play the songs on the road before you recorded them?
    We played all this stuff live for a year, and you can see which songs become hits onstage – they’re ones that work on the record. At the end of the day, I try to have an album of great songs that work live.

    Your instrumental cover of “Somewhere Over The Rainbow” is virtuoso stuff.
    That’s live from The Rodeo Bar, in New York. It was a great night and the recording came out great. It became a real hit onstage so I just had to put it on the record. You can hear me f**k up a couple of times, but then I use the clams. When you’re playing live, you’re gonna hit clams. Listen to Led Zeppelin’s “I Can’t Quit You Baby” on the first record. There are two parts in that song where they completely mess up and it doesn’t matter.

    Unlike a lot of artists who follow a blues tradition, your music is personal. It’s about you.
    I had to make something new happen. It’s about owning your personality and who you are, and letting your personality be expressed through your music. There are a lot of guys out there who are playing all these licks way better than I am, but what are they saying? Carlos Santana said, “You gotta have the right connection of head, heart, and hands.” I can listen to anybody play and tell you where the deficiency is in one of those three. When you hear somebody who’s hittin’ all three, that’s when you got the magic.

    What’s your main guitar?
    A ’66 Strat with a [Seymour Duncan] JB in the bridge position. I love it and it’s the only guitar I take out. For amps, I’ve been using a 50-watt Ampeg Jet when I’m in the U.S., coupled with a Fender Deluxe, Pro, or Super. In Europe, I’ve been using Fender Twins and a JCM900 because they’re bigger venues. Together, they sound good.

    What’s the common denominator that allows you to maintain your sound?
    You have to take a minute for everything to settle before you start playing. A lot of bands hit the stage, do the intro, and bang. I don’t do that. I go onstage, the audience can be there, and the first thing I do is light a couple of sticks of incense just to chill out my vibe. Then I pick up the guitar and tune the amps in the moment because that’s the moment I’m playing in. I could have done it in sound check, but when I get up there, I just take a minute to play. The band plays, we swell up and make sure the vibe is right. When that happens, your tone happens, the head is right, the heart is right – and the hands will be right.


    This article originally appeared in VG October 2013 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.


  • Gibson 1928 L-1 Blues Tribute

    Gibson 1928 L-1 Blues Tribute

    GIBSON_1928_L1

    Gibson 1928 L-1 Blues Tribute
    Price: $4,255 retail; $3,299 street
    Info: www.gibson.com
    .

    The Gibson L-1 boasts the kind of intriguing history that makes it a legend. In the late 1920s, it was the company’s low-end model. But Mississippi Delta blues man Robert Johnson happened upon one: two surviving photographs show him holding an L-1, though it’s not known if he played it on his famous recordings. Still, thanks to the blues, the budget guitar has today become collectible.

    Gibson began offering a replica 1926 Robert Johnson L-1 a number of years back. But this new orange-label 1928 L-1 Blues Tribute is a different creature. In fact, Gibson will tell you that it differs from the Johnson reissues in most every way except the body’s dimensions. It replicates visual and structural elements of the original instrument, but uses modern production techniques. The result is what Gibson calls a “customized” L-1 replica.

    The new L-1 is the result of a visit several Gibson Bozeman folks paid to collector Gary Burnette in Asheville, North Carolina. Aiming to replicate Burnette’s rare Advanced Jumbo, the team’s eyes and ears were opened by three other guitars in his collection. The L-1 that inspired the Blues Tribute was one of them.

    This new L-1 sports an Adirondack red spruce top with X-bracing using hot hide glue. It’s set on a mahogany body and has a rectangle open-slot bridge and multi-ply binding. The V-profile neck features a period-correct 1.77″ nut, tapered peg head, and open-back vintage tuners. The finish is a finely faded vintage sunburst.

    The construction of the guitar is rock solid, and yet it’s amazingly light in weight. The fit and finish are beautiful too, like a brand-new 1928 instrument.

    As a parlor-sized guitar, it’s petite, of course. Your picking arm hangs off the back of the body and you’ll never reach much beyond the twelfth fret no matter how hard you try. But once you’re used to the size, it’s a handy little player.

    The sound is warm and woody, clear – yet concise. But then again, this is a new guitar, and you get the sense that it will open up the more you play it. And that vintage-vibe V-neck makes you want to play.

    Picking this parlor guitar, you soon can’t help but forget where you are as the L-1 carries you back in time to a hotel room in Dallas with the recording machine running.


    This article originally appeared in VG February 2014 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.


  • 1924 Martin 00-45

    1924 Martin 00-45

    1924 Martin 00-45
    1924 Martin 00-45 serial number 21596. Photos: William Ritter. Instrument courtesy of George Gruhn.
    When trying to determine originality, guitar dealers and collectors have a tendency to study instruments with the care of a forensic pathologist. Still, modifications can be difficult to detect, and manufacturers’ records are often the only way to map an instrument’s history and determine whether it has been repaired or modified.

    No matter how skilled a collector, dealer, or repairman may be, they simply cannot look at an instrument and determine exactly how many years ago a repair or modification may have been done. To complicate matters, custom-order instruments were built with non-standard specifications, while other instruments were sent back to the manufacturer for reconditioning, upgrading, or repair.

    Luckily, one can often find remarkably detailed information about the history of a particular instrument by researching factory records. Martin and Gibson maintain records dating to their earliest days, but only in recent years and through hours of research have many of they been properly organized and archived in a manner that makes the information readily available and easy to use. As a result, we are able to learn more about the history of these instruments each day.

    Martin has remarkably accurate records going back to the 1830s, with the exception of a missing ledger from the 1840s. They did not, however, stamp serial numbers on guitars until 1898, and didn’t stamp model designations on the neck block until 1931.

    The neck block on the Martin featured here is stamped with the model designation 00-45, but the serial number 21596 is consistent with a manufacture date of 1924, so, even a quick inspection leads an observer to suspect it has been re-worked.

    While the guitar mostly conforms – it has a 12-fret mahogany neck, slot head, Brazilian rosewood back, sides, and peghead veneer, Adirondack spruce top, ebony fingerboard and bridge, snowflake fingerboard inlays, torch peghead inlay, white ivoroid bindings on the neck and body, and style 45 abalone trim on the top and sides, it deviates in a few ways and in its date of manufacture; the back of the body lacks the typical style 45 abalone body-edge trim to match the front and the sides. Also, rather than the ’20s pyramid-end bridge, it has a belly bridge of a style not used until 1930. The pickguard is also not typical of Martins made prior to 1930. Beyond that, a 1924 00-45 would not have a pickguard, there is no pearl trim around the outside edge of the body, and the small white/black plastic purfling strip on the back differs from the wood purfling used during the ’20s. It’s also clear that in the recent past, the fingerboard was professionally replaced along with original style snowflake inlays and modern frets rather than the bar frets used prior to late 1934.

    Internal inspection of this guitar reveals that small pieces of kerfing have been spliced in on either side of the brace where they intersect with the kerfing strip. When the top of the body is viewed from the inside, there are gaps that have not been filled in where the braces intersect with the kerfing. This work is never perfectly done, but mid-’20s work would have been tighter than this example.

    The manner in which manufacturers conducted business when this instrument was made is remarkably different than today. During the Great Depression, Martin, Gibson, and other manufacturers went to great lengths to please dealers and customers, as these were extremely hard times – almost unimaginable by current standards. As a result, many instruments at Martin and Gibson remained unsold for years before being shipped, and quite a few were returned by dealers to the manufacturers for reconditioning, upgrading, or in exchange for new merchandise. Some instruments were re-worked and re-sold as new, years after they were actually made. Martin and Gibson have extensive records showing that some instruments were sent back and forth between the factory and dealers several times before finally finding a home. It was also not uncommon for customers to send guitars back to Martin for refurbishing or upgrading to more modern specifications, even as far back as in the ’30s. For example, Gene Autry had a 0-42 and a 00-42 – made in the ’20s – sent back to Martin in the ’30s for upgrades including fancy torch peghead inlays, peghead binding, pickguards, and belly bridges to accommodate steel strings.

    Presented with a serial number, Martin’s computerized records are able to quickly bring up information on almost any instrument it made from 1898 to the present. When we submitted this serial number to Martin researcher Greig Hutton, he was able to provide extensive documentation.

    Factory records for this guitar include 1933 correspondence to and from Mr. William McMeekin, in Chicago, who discovered the 00-45 he had recently purchased as new from Chicago Musical Instrument Company was, in fact, made in 1924. Martin agreed to take the guitar back in trade for another instrument, but discovered several holes in the top when it arrived at the factory. In the end, Martin re-topped the guitar, Chicago Musical Instrument Company received a credit memo (less the $9 charge for a new top for the 00-45, of course), and McMeekin received a new 000-45 two months after sending his letter to Martin. On August 20, 1935, this same 00-45 was shipped back to Chicago, when it was sold as new to the Rudolph Wurlizter Company, which, for unknown reasons, promptly returned it to Martin for credit. Two months later, Martin sold and shipped the guitar to the New York City branch of Wurlitzer. 

    According to Hutton, Martin does not have repair records from 1936 to ’66. And, because the back of this guitar has the same backside centerstripe as used on the style 40, 42, and 45 guitars (but in a style not used after 1943 on any production model until it was copied on reissue D-45 models in ’68), it’s reasonable to assume the back was installed before the end of World War II, but apparently not at the time the guitar was given a new top. Even without Martin’s repair records, it’s reasonable to assume the back was installed at Martin between 1936 and ’43, since the work clearly appears to be Martin.

    While collectors are concerned with originality, and instruments that have been reworked typically will appraise for less than those which are fully original, instruments sent back to the factory prior to World War II, as well as some electrics which were reworked and upgraded by the manufacturer in the ’50s, can be worth fully as much as – or even more than – one with standard original factory specifications. In view of their age, most instruments made prior to 1970 will need setup work, re-fretting, or a neck set to be playable. While this 00-45 would not likely sell for as much as a fully original example, most of its modifications were done at Martin’s factory and the work done more recently is of excellent professional quality. This is still a superb instrument.

    1924 Martin 00-45
    1) Letter from C.F. Martin & Co. to William McMeekin confirming the 00-45 he purchased as “new” from Chicago Musical Instrument Company in 1933 was actually made in 1924. 2) Sales order from Martin, exchanging McMeekin’s 1924 00-45 for a new 000-45. Includes note to Chicago Musical Instrument Company about the additional charge for a new top on the 1924 00-45 (note that the serial number has two numbers transposed).
    1924 Martin 00-45
    3) Sales order from Martin indicating this 1924 00-45 was sold and shipped as new to another dealer – this time the Rudolph Wurlitzer Company, in Chicago – in August of ’35. 4) Sales order from Martin indicating that two months after being returned by the Chicago branch of Wurlitzer, Martin sold the 00-45 to the company’s store in New York City.
    1924 Martin 00-45
    A week after receiving the 00-45, Wurlitzer returned the guitar to Martin for credit, making note it had been ordered on approval.

    This article originally appeared in VG‘s March 2015 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.


  • Jack Petruzzelli

    Jack Petruzzelli

    Jack Petruzzelli“The first time the Beatles were on Ed Sullivan, I was in my mother’s womb,” says Jack Petruzzelli. “That was February ’64, but then when they appeared the second time I was out of the womb.” What could be more appropriate for the guitarist/keyboardist of the Fab Faux, the spot-on Beatles tribute band featuring Jimmy Vivino (VG, July ’13) and Will Lee (November ’13) whose “Side 2 Medley” from Abbey Road has more than 100,000 hits on youtube?

    In addition to studio and stage work with Ian Hunter, Patti Smith, Teddy Thompson, and others, Petruzzelli has worked extensively with Rufus Wainwright and Joan Osborne – so, versatility is obviously a strong suit. “I’ve always tried to pride myself in having a full background of different styles – certainly with Joan, but even more so with Rufus,” he says. “That required everything from folk to rock to burlesque to a little bit of classical. I wouldn’t say you’d call me for any gig that required a thorough knowledge of classical or jazz, but I’d like to think I’m not faking it and know enough and have the sensitivity and can play them to a certain degree.”

    As Osborne states, “Jack takes ingredients from various styles and fuses them into something that’s very much his own. When I first met him, I noticed he was listening to the words and meaning of the song and letting that inform his playing, instead of just riffing and trying to show his virtuosity.”

    Petruzzelli took up guitar at seven, taking lessons at Highway Music in his hometown of East Brunswick, New Jersey. During his college years at Rutgers, he recalls, “I was in the jazz department, but also painting houses while doing several music jobs a week. I was also an apprentice at a recording studio in Manhattan called Secret Sound, where I met Howie Wyeth. I studied piano with him, and he was in a band called Barbecue Bob & The Spareribs, which I eventually played guitar with. Because Joan was doing the same circuit of blues bars in New York City, that led me into her band, and it was full steam ahead.”

    Major guitar influences include “George Harrison, obviously, as well as John Lennon and Paul McCartney, because I would consider them all great guitar players. Then Jimmy Page, Django Reinhardt, and Muddy Waters all blew me away. And hearing Adrian Belew with King Crimson, he straddled the line of such emotional playing but being so experimental. Vivino is one of my favorite players, along with David Rawlings and Tony Sherr.”

    Whether playing bass with Smith, ukulele with Wainwright, piano with the Fab Faux, not to mention mandolin, Melotron, B-3, vibraphone, and Omnichord, Petruzzelli feels his job is to complement. “I guess I help finish the painting, add certain colors.”

    Not surprisingly, his gear arsenal is formidable. Just in terms of guitars, he says, “I have an Epiphone Sorrento that I added a Bigsby to. I had an original ’63 Strat that was stolen, and Jimmy Vivino felt sorry for me and sold me one with a ’57 neck and ’61 body – at a friend’s price – that just plays like a dream. I’ve got a ’68 Tele with a rosewood fingerboard, which I used on Joan’s Bring It On Home, a ’76 Firebird, and a bunch of old acoustics – a ’58 Martin OO-18, a ’59 Gibson J-50, a ’43 Gibson L-2. But my main guitar is a Deusenburg Star that I love. It has a humbucker and a P-90, a Bigsby, and it always stays in tune. My amps include a Vox AC30, an Ampeg Reverb Rocket, a ’63 brownface Deluxe, a Magnatone, and a Headstrong that I put a Master Volume on.”

    The Fab Faux started in ’99. He laughs, “We were doing maybe six gigs a year, but now we do about 35. All five of us are vocalists, and there’s no designated Paul, John, George, or Ringo.”

    He co-produced with Osborne her bluesy Bring It On Home and Love And Hate – the latter cut at his studio in the Poconos.

    “He doesn’t have a lot of ego in the studio, so it allows everybody to be as generous as they can,” says Osborne. “The best idea generally rises to the top like cream, no matter who it’s from.”

    The one thing Petruzzelli hasn’t done is a solo album. “That’ll be my New Year’s resolution,” he promises. “I’ve got to put myself in a room and see what happens.”


    This article originally appeared in VG September 2014 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.


  • Jerry Douglas

    Jerry Douglas

    Photos by Rusty Russell
    Photos by Rusty Russell

    You know, it’s the coolest-looking instrument that ever was made!” It should come as no surprise that Jerry Douglas is speaking about the Dobro and the various other resonator-equipped guitars in orbit around the Dopyera brothers’ creation. As probably the world’s most famous dobroist – and certainly the most recorded – he knows a thing or two about the guitar with the hubcap in the middle.

    And it should be no surprise that he’s truly in love with Dobros. But to hear him actually gush about the guitars is truly refreshing. Many musicians lose that special something in their relationship with the guitar, but after a career spanning some 40 years playing the Dobro and sundry other lap steel devices, Douglas still sounds like a 16-year-old boy who’s just been kissed for the first time.

    Douglas spoke to VG about his recent solo album, Traveler, discussing his inspirations, recording, tour plans, etc. But when the talk turned to Dobros, his love became glaringly apparent.

    “The [Dopyera brothers] hit the Art Deco period just right, and that helped,” he said, relegating the “beauty” of D’Angelicos, Les Paul Standards, Gretsches, and everything else to a distant second place – at best. “But I love the sound of Dobros and would love to have a whole lot more because every one of them sounds different. Oh man, [I] could completely geek out over these things!”

    Of course, Douglas does geek out over these things. And that – along with his sheer musicality when playing them – has made him one of the finest Dobro players. Ever.

    In fact, none other than James Taylor christened Douglas “the Muhammad Ali of the Dobro.” For those keeping score comparing pugilists to dobroists, Douglas may indeed float like a butterfly and sting like a bee while sliding his Stevens bar over the strings. But while Ali only released one record – 1963’s trash-talking, pre-rap classic I Am the Greatest! – Douglas has cut 14 solo albums and appeared on an estimated 2,000 other records as a sideman. Along the way, he has won 13 Grammys, thrice been named Country Music Association’s Musician of the Year, and awarded a National Heritage Fellowship by the National Endowment for the Arts. Ali never won a single Grammy… though he probably should have.

    (LEFT TO RIGHT) This Fender Custom Shop square-neck Strat lap steel was built by Chris Femming and Donnie Wade. On Traveler, Douglas played a similar square-neck Telecaster made by Fred Stuart and ran it through a Marshall stack. “It was like going to the amusement park!” he says. This ’36 Dobro Model 27 had been stored under a bed for decades. Douglas found it online and his wife bought it as a gift. Douglas calls this rare early-’30s Dobro double cyclops “Sonnyboy.”
    (LEFT TO RIGHT) This Fender Custom Shop square-neck Strat lap steel was built by Chris Femming and Donnie Wade. On Traveler, Douglas played a similar square-neck Telecaster made by Fred Stuart and ran it through a Marshall stack. “It was like going to the amusement park!” he says. This ’36 Dobro Model 27 had been stored under a bed for decades. Douglas found it online and his wife bought it as a gift. Douglas calls this rare early-’30s Dobro double cyclops “Sonnyboy.”

    And yet Douglas is more than just the world’s heavyweight champion of the Dobro. He has led a renaissance of interest in the instrument, and is a key part of its lineage beginning with pioneering players like Cliff Carlisle and Bashful Brother Oswald, through Josh Graves, the “inventor” of bluegrass Dobro as part of Flatt and Scruggs’ Foggy Mountain Boys, and continuing from Tut Taylor and Mike Auldridge through today. Still, Douglas has arguably done more to make “Dobro” a household term than anyone else. Thanks in large part to his stylish slidework, it’s difficult to imagine Americana music without the Dobro.

    Douglas first picked up a Dobro at age eight. At 17 (in 1973), he joined the pioneering progressive bluegrass band Country Gentlemen, then became part of J.D. Crowe and the New South, which included Ricky Skaggs and Tony Rice. In ’79, Douglas issued his first solo album, Fluxology, and was backing the Whites. In the ’80s, he became Nashville’s – and soon, the world’s – most in-demand dobroist, and has since played on recordings by Garth Brooks, George Jones, Dolly Parton, Ray Charles, Elvis Costello, John Fogerty, Bill Frisell, Emmylou Harris, and Phish, as well as the soundtrack to O Brother, Where Art Thou?. Since 1999, he has played with Alison Krauss and Union Station.

    On Traveler, Douglas plays more than just Dobro; he slides on electric lap steel, a square-neck Custom Shop Fender Telecaster built for lap slide played through a Marshall stack, a Larry Pogreba slide guitar, and yes, his Paul Beard signature Dobro. He is joined by guests Eric Clapton, Paul Simon, Mumford & Sons, Keb’ Mo’, Marc Cohn, Dr. John, Del McCoury, Bela Fleck, Sam Bush, Jon Cleary, Viktor Krauss, Omar Hakim, as well as Alison Krauss and the Union Station gang. Duet albums are rarely so star-studded.

    (LEFT TO RIGHT) This Slingerland May Bell Cathedranola has a spider bridge; most have a resonator cover, but no cone – likely to get around National-Dobro’s patents. This Tim Scheerhorn L model has tuners mounted atop the tailpiece. Douglas used this Scheerhorn L-body when he began playing with Alison Krauss.
    (LEFT TO RIGHT) This Slingerland May Bell Cathedranola has a spider bridge; most have a resonator cover, but no cone – likely to get around National-Dobro’s patents. This Tim Scheerhorn L model has tuners mounted atop the tailpiece. Douglas used this Scheerhorn L-body when he began playing with Alison Krauss.

    Fortunately for everyone, Douglas’ wife is also a Dobro fan.

    “I just got a Model 27 that had never been played! It’s a 1936. I saw it online one night and I was going to buy it. My wife went, ‘No wait. Let me do it.’ I was going off to Europe. I came home and there it was!”

    This ’36 told a classic tale of guitarchaeology. Bought new, it had been stowed under a bed and seemingly forgotten. When Douglas took delivery, it was in its original case and looked untouched. Something had been stored on top of the case, and the weight on the strings after all that time had broken the tailpiece and left the shadow of the strap imprinted across the resonator cover.

    “When I got the guitar, the original strings were on it and that [tailpiece] was just floating in the case. So I put another tailpiece on it and new strings and as far as I know I was the first to ever play it! The sound is great.”

    The brand-new 76-year-old guitar is now the centerpiece of Douglas’ collection. Douglas also proudly displays a tiger-striped koa Weissenborn from 1919 that he owns courtesy of his in-laws. Douglas noticed the guitar hanging on the wall as a planter in their home, a bouquet of flowers artfully arranged in the sound hole.

    (LEFT TO RIGHT) This Ivan Guernsey resonator is fitted with a Guernsey’s Hipshot tailpiece that works like a B-bender on multiple strings. Douglas found this 1919 Weissenborn being used as a planter at his in-laws’ home. “They’re works of folk art, but this guitar actually sounds amazing,” Douglas said of this Larry Pogreba custom, which has a resonator cover fashioned from a vintage Chevy hubcap and inlays from an Elvis medallion and other old coins (RIGHT). “It’s hollow all the way up to the nut, like a Weissenborn.” It’s the first thing listeners hear on Traveler and it is used extensively throughout the album.
    (LEFT TO RIGHT) This Ivan Guernsey resonator is fitted with a Guernsey’s Hipshot tailpiece that works like a B-bender on multiple strings. Douglas found this 1919 Weissenborn being used as a planter at his in-laws’ home. “They’re works of folk art, but this guitar actually sounds amazing,” Douglas said of this Larry Pogreba custom, which has a resonator cover fashioned from a vintage Chevy hubcap and inlays from an Elvis medallion and other old coins (RIGHT). “It’s hollow all the way up to the nut, like a Weissenborn.” It’s the first thing listeners hear on Traveler and it is used extensively throughout the album.

    Douglas has a particular love for vintage Dobros, their tone and history, and he gets downright poetic talking about them:

    “I love the old guitars – that’s what made me first start playing, the sound of it. Once you hear the instrument, if you love its sound, it never goes away. You have to go get one.” Or two. Or more.

    Douglas’ jamming room at home is a jumble of cases of all shapes, sizes, conditons, and vintages. Among his collection is an early-’30s “double cyclops” Dobro, which instead of the standard two vent holes on the bouts, has twinned holes at the based of the fretboard. This and the “single cyclops” version were short-lived Dobro models circa 1931-’32, perhaps an experiment at better projecting sound or enhancing tone.

    He also has a rare vintage Cathedranola resonator guitar with a wood body, exquisite inlay, and Art Deco-styled bout vents. Eying the success of the Dopyeras’ National and Dobro guitars, other firms rushed to hop on the resonator bandwagon. The Slingerland Drum Company of Chicago was one, offering its Cathedranola in the May Bell line in the early ’30s. Many Cathedranolas were resonator guitars without resonators; to get around any copyright issues, they boasted the metal covers, but no cone underneath. Douglas’ model does feature a resonator, topped by a Dobro-style spider bridge. These guitars may have been built by Chicago stalwart Regal, which also built many guitars for Dobro.

    From his other vintage Dobros and a 1934 wood-bodied National Trojan, Douglas’ collection jumps forward to modern-day “hybrid” Dobros. These guitars are built for the wear and tear of touring, but also to have a sweet tone for recording. He speaks with fondness of the guitars made by hybrid pioneer Rudy Q. Jones, Tim Scheerhorn, and Paul Beard.

    “You play a new guitar, then you play an old one, and they just have a sound. But [the vintage Dobros] can’t compete with the new instruments that are on stage,” Douglas enthuses.

    “It never was a real loud instrument. Josh Graves would throw it right up into the vocal mic, the loudest mic onstage. I always had trouble playing old Dobros on stage with J.D. Crowe and bands like that until I started getting into the hybrids, when guys like R.Q. Jones started making guitars, then Scheerhorn and Paul Beard. Those are just the best out there. They’ll serve you well in any genre of music. But the old Dobros aren’t built for that. They’re plywood guitars – they’re thin, they’re light, they won’t take the beating that you have to give them – it’s a very physical business!”


    This article originally appeared in VG October 2013 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.


  • Watkins Rapier 33

    Watkins Rapier 33

    1962 Watkins Rapier 33 photo credit: Michael Wright.
    1962 Watkins Rapier 33 photo credit: Michael Wright.

    If you were an American teenager in the late 1950s or early ’60s, and you wanted to play the new rock music, you likely did not have a solidbody electric guitar from Fender, Gibson, or Rickenbacker. More likely the guitar would be from Harmony, Kay, or Supro. If you lived in the U.K., you probably had a solidbody from Dallas, Burns, or Watkins, like this Rapier 33.

    In the ’60s, Watkins Electric Music (WEM) was one of the largest and most influential guitar/amplifier manufacturers in England, and lays claim to inventing the rock-PA concept. Since few of their guitars made it to the U.S., they’re mainly off the radar, though the brand has a sizeable following across the Atlantic. Considerable information about WEM can be found, though no satisfactory account of their guitars or reliable chronology has yet been undertaken. Consider the information here “in flux.”

    WEM was founded by Charles “Charlie” Watkins circa 1951. Born in the Balham section of Southeast London, he and his brother, Reg, served in England’s Merchant Navy during World War II, where they reportedly performed music onboard ship. Following the war, Charlie briefly earned a living playing accordion with a guitarist. In ’49, Charlie and Reg opened a record shop in London. At some point, they began buying and selling guitars and accordions, moving back to Balham in ’51. It’s not clear if these were new or used instruments. Around that same time, Watkins began buying and modifying amplifiers from a local electronics shop for use with contact mics on guitars, which were well-received and probably serve as the reason for dating WEM to that date, though 1953 has also been put forward. In the mid ’50s, skiffle – a version of American folk and country music – became popular. In ’55, Watkins began importing and distributing its own line of acoustic guitars made by Hopf, in West Germany. Watkins was familiar with the problem guitarists had with being heard and in ’55 also began making amplifiers with a contemporary look, with cabinetry handled by Reg.

    The Watkins brothers became interested in American solidbody electric guitars and decided to make their own for the U.K. market, racing to become the first manufacturer there. Dates are fuzzy, but it seems that a Watkins factory was opened in Chertsey, Surry, in ’57, coinciding with the introduction of Watkins’ first solidbody electrics, designed by Reg. These were probably the Rapier models, a Strat-inspired solidbody that anchored the line well into the ’70s. However, the apocryphal story is that they were beat to the market by the Dallas Tuxedo, perhaps by a week.

    Three Rapier models were available – the two-pickup Rapier 22, three-pickup Rapier 33, and four-pickup Rapier 44. Most examples of the 33 sport the forward-slanted middle pickup; it appears Watkins made its own pickups. The vibrato is a Watkins Vibra, designed in ’57 and later cast with the name Hi Lo after Jim Burns objected. Most early Rapiers were finished in red, including the neck, though early on they switched to natural on the necks. A few other colors were produced, especially after ’68, but the majority are red.

    Dating this example to ’62 is mostly guesswork; it seems Watkins numbered its guitars (more or less) sequentially. Guitars through the early ’60s apparently had up to four digits (this one is 4865), though from ’64 on, some have five digits with little apparent logic. The history on the main fan web site shows a Rapier 22 withe serial number 51567 dated to ’64. That year, Watkins pickups changed to having slotted covers commonly called “toasters,” so our example is prior to that. In ’68, WEM changed brand names to Wilson and pickups appear to be Japanese, or modeled after them.

    The Watkins Rapiers were not the only WEM guitar models. In ’58, the Rapier Deluxe debuted briefly, inspired by an American Supro design. In the early ’60s, a variant of the Rapier called the Circuit 4 appeared with a rotary pickup selector. Other models included the Superline 66, Vibra 64, WEM Sapphire, and WEM Emerald – all double-cutaways. In the early/mid ’60s, Watkins also built one of the earliest “organ guitars,” plus the WEM Project IV Fifth Man with built-in effects. Later in the decade, the España exports appeared (see below). Most solidbodies had a corresponding bass version. WEM also sold a line of thinline hollowbodies, most certainly imported from Germany or Italy.

    As Wilson, the line remained through ’78 or so. Rapiers continued, plus the Ranger, Super 6, Mercury 6, and W-Type models. Many started sporting humbuckers and by the ’70s were tending to copies of Les Pauls and Teles.

    It seems WEM got out of the guitar game in the late ’70s, though it still exists, with Charlie Watkins still in charge, selling accordions and a version of its ’60s tape echo machine, the Copicat. Of all WEM guitars, the Rapier was the most plentiful, with thousands produced. However, as with so many similar starter guitars in the U.S., few saw them as future “collectibles,” so the number of survivors is unknown. And as with their American counterparts, there’s now a small but enthusiastic group of collectors, most of whom started with a Watkins when they were teenagers.
    España EL-31 update: Some time ago we profiled a circa-1970 España EL-31 solidbody, suggesting that, even though it was stamped “Made in England” on the neck plate, it was probably made in Finland by Landola. Following leads provided by VG reader Cate Turner, it has been determined that the España line was, as the neck plate claims, made in England by Watkins. The España line was a variant of Watkins’ Emerald models and exported to Buegeleisen & Jacobson in the U.S. This brings into question whether or not Landola ever made its own electric guitars.


    This article originally appeared in VG May 2013 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.


  • Keb’ Mo’

    Keb’ Mo’

    Keb Mo
    Keb Mo: Andrea Lucero.
    Keb’ Mo’s latest album, Blues Americana, nearly wrote itself.

    “Going in, I had planned to make a solo acoustic record,” he said. “I got the songs together, but felt it didn’t really hold up. So, I made the record like I wanted – started simple, with guitar and vocal and a click track, because I wanted to spell out the songs from the guitar and vocals. Because of that, it’s more guitar-heavy than keyboard heavy. I grew the songs totally from around the vocals.”

    Slinky guitars abound across the album’s 10-cut mixture of R&B, soul, country blues, and jazz. But Mo’ feels he took a step back from the sophisticated pop/jazz arrangements of 2011’s The Reflection.

    “I’d been adding elements – a lot more chords than I had used on any other record,” he said. “On the new one, I actually subtracted elements.”

    “Writing isn’t always the same. Songs all start with the stories, but the recording process can be very different. I don’t really have a goal when I go in, other than to make a record I really like. I probably get a little smarter with each one.”

    With a laugh, he adds, “My wife says maybe I should get more smarter with each one and be a better businessman, but I like working from the heart.”

    Mo’s history goes back further than many realize. In the ’70s, he played with violinist Papa John Creach. That start took him many places, including making a pop record under his given name, Kevin Moore, for Casablanca Records back in 1980. By 1994, he was recording under his stage name, which is adapted from his real name.

    While the blues informs much of his music, especially country blues, his main influence over the years comes from a band known more for sophisticated arrangements and clever lyrics. “I’m a big fan of Steely Dan,” he said. “They make songs out of things right under your nose that you don’t see, and they make the best records. Everything they do is clever and innovative. When I hear their music, I always think to myself, ‘Damn, why didn’t I think of that?’”

    While he has favorite guitars, he finds it difficult to narrow the list. Among those he mentions most are a Gretsch Electromatic with a Bigsby. Onstage, he has two resonators – a National ResoRocket and a smaller Republic. Also joining him at gigs is a “masterclone” banjo and a beloved Duesenberg. There are also has several guitars of recent vintage.

    “I have a Paul Reed Smith they made for me. It’s a really nice guitar – chambered, but doesn’t have any holes. I used it on the record. I also have a Gibson Midtown, which I got special from Gibson. It’s like an L-5 with a cutaway. It weighs a ton, but sounds really good, like a cross between a Les Paul and an ES-335.”

    His taste in amps covers a lot of ground, and focuses on sound more than any other factor.

    “I’m not much of a gear head, but once I find something that gets a sound I like – that I want to hear – I know which amp to pick to do that. A lot of amps have too much low-end or maybe midrange for me. I like a very simple, clean, transparent sound that reflects the guitar.”

    The amps that supply the sound he wants start with a Fender Deluxe blackface reissue. “I like that because it always gives me what I want.” He also uses an Egnater Rebel 30 and a Mesa Boogie Mark IV combo. “I use that live and in the studio. I love the versatility and the fact that it has parametric EQ, which you don’t find on many amps.” And, there’s another boutique amp that recently has caught his eye (and ear). “I just discovered Two Rock,” he said. “I’m going to get one eventually. It reminds me of a Dumble.”

    Mo’ says ultimately, the songs dictate to him what guitar and amp he will use. “I like to use different guitars and different amps to get different textures. I like the sound of the guitar, so I use light effects – a little tremolo, some slap delay, and occasionally, a little overdrive.”

    The road is a constant part of Mo’s life and, depending on when one catches his band, it could be in any number of configurations. “It changes all the time. This current one started out as a duo, and it’s ended up being a trio.”

    Blues Americana, he says, came from a very honest place. “It was hard to get all the players focusing on the same page, so I had to start small, work my way up, and I got what I wanted. I’m very happy about that.”


    This article originally appeared in VG August 2014 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.


  • The Fender “Korinacaster”

    The Fender “Korinacaster”

    Dave Rogers’ limba-bodied Strat bears serial number L14737 and had been stripped of its finish and disassembled when it was shipped to him in a box.
    Dave Rogers’ Strat: Tim Mullally.

    There’s irony in the fact that Leo Fender, creator of the first solidbody electric guitar to be mass-produced, wasn’t the adventurous sort. Rather, history tells us he was a pragmatic, conservative guy for whom form very much followed function – a fact borne out in the bread-and-butter realities exhibited by the Telecaster.

    Fortunately, Leo’s tastes and tendencies were not all mirrored in the men who worked alongside him in the design of other guitars like the Stratocaster, nor in those who carted his guitars and amps to market. To the contrary, guys like Freddie Tavares, Don Randall, George Fullerton, Bill Carson, Dale Hyatt, and others suffered no shortage of suggestions for improving the company’s offerings, and their feedback helped keep Fender atop the market for years.

    Gibson, on the other hand, spent the formative late ’50s in a state of lag. Though it ruled the hollowbody jazz-guitar market and its acoustic “cowboy guitars” held similar court, in the rapidly expanding world of the solidbody/rock-and-roll guitar, the Les Paul failed to catch on, and by late in the decade, Gibson was resorting to near gimmickry to gain market share. Ted McCarty, president of Gibson at the time and the true mind behind the Les Paul, ES-335, and other groundbreaking concepts, took it upon himself to improve his company’s lot.

    “In ’57, McCarty, inspired by the Russians’ Sputnik orbiter and GM’s Futurama automotive exhibits, designed the ‘Modernistic’ trio of guitars – the Flying V, Explorer, and Moderne,” said Robb Lawrence, a longtime vintage-instrument collector and author of several books on the subject. Famously odd in shape (fans like to say they were “ahead of their time”), few players explored the instruments and they rarely went flying out of showrooms – the Moderne wasn’t even put into production. As a result of low demand, fewer than 100 Flying Vs and far fewer Explorers were made, and by ’59, they were no longer in the company’s line (though in ’63, Gibson shipped more of each using leftover parts). And while their bizarre shapes were noteworthy, even moreso was the wood used to make them.

    Steven Seagal’s limba-bodied Strat, serial number L23353. Photo: Rick Gould.

    Gibson opted to make the guitars using Korina, a trademarked name in the U.S. given to limba, a relative of mahogany that grows in western Africa. Softer and less dense than mahogany, Gibson had already used it to make the bodies of its ’50s Consolette pedal-steel and Skylark lap-steel guitars, but it was untried on solidbody Spanish-style guitars because pieces of sufficient quality and size are difficult to find due to the fact it’s very wet when cut, dries quickly (which can lead to cracking), and must have wax applied to cut surfaces during storage. Still, guitar builders are fond of its light weight, light color, and the way its fine grain pops under a bit of stain. As a tone wood, it performs well, offering a bit less upper-midrange compared to mahogany, but with more-pronounced high-end response. For Gibson’s purposes, however, Korina was merely an exotic wood it could use to gussy up the Modernistics.

    Perhaps out of simple curiosity, in late ’63, Fender actually followed Gibson for once when it bought enough limba to make a handful of its market-leading Stratocaster. Little-known by vintage enthusiasts or collectors, three of the guitars have emerged with the same type of potentiometers, same style of date code, and necks that date from November of that year or very early ’64. All left the Fender factory with sunburst finishes (it’s generally held that Fender would not have sprayed mahogany with sunburst because areas with little or no grain would appear too dark). All three have a knot or mineral stain on their bodies, indicating they may have been cut from the same plank.

    Why did Fender dally in “Korina?” Lawrence posed the question to the company’s long-time lumber supplier, which was established as Penberthy Lumber Company in 1931 and became a major player when the furniture-construction industry in Los Angeles blossomed following World War II. Fender and Gibson became customers not long after the war.

    The guitar bought new for 12-year-old Brian Lehman bears serial number L126486. Photo: Rick Gould.

    Today, the company is called Penberthy International, and is operated by Gary Penberthy, grandson of founder Paul Penberthy, Sr. Gary recalled that limba wasn’t as readily available as the more typical types, and to get it, Gibson or Fender essentially had to call in favors.

    “My grandfather traveled the world to select the exact specifications for what Leo Fender was looking for,” he told Lawrence. “And of course, on a guitar, wood has to be seasoned; a lot of guitar guys didn’t want wood that had been shocked with heat – they wanted it air-dried. That’s one reason we sold a lot of imported woods – we were able to season it.

    “My grandfather agreed that air drying made for a better tone wood,” he added. “And if it was Korina, he let it air dry, then finished it in the kiln. That was a big deal.”

    Today, the relationship continues between Penberthy and Fender.

    Geoff Fullerton, son of George Fullerton (who was Leo’s co-designer of the Esquire/Telecaster and Precision Bass), worked in the Fender Custom Shop for years, and recalls his father’s discussing Penberthy Lumber, the use of limba, and how he thought it to be soft and not durable – it would easily dent.

    “There was probably a lot of testing going on – building samples, maybe testing how well it took finish, or to hear its tone,” Fullerton said. “They had to determine things like how well it cut in the pin router or whether it needed extra hand-sanding.”

    He also has personal experience with the wood.

    “It smelled horrible, the little bit we ran at the Custom Shop,” he said. “It was weird stuff.”

    (LEFT TO RIGHT) The neck dates of Dave Rogers’ guitar and the Lehman guitar are idential, while that from Seagal’s was stamped two months later.
    The neck dates of Dave Rogers’ guitar (left) and the Lehman guitar are identical, while Seagal’s was stamped two months later.

    Those who have played one of the limba-bodied Strats say its tone falls between alder and swamp ash, two more-common woods used for the Strat.

    “Players cite its warm, resonant, balanced sound, as well as the clarity, definition, and sustain it offers with each note,” said Lawrence. “It’s considered a ‘super mahogany’ tone wood, with a strong upper-midrange.”

    The original owner of one limba Strat vividly recalls begging his parents to buy it, though its woods had nothing to do with his infatuation. Brian Lehman was 12 years old and a few months into lessons with a musician in Fresno who “worked his magic” on a Strat.

    “So, of course, that’s what I wanted!” Lehman said. “I worked on my parents for a few months, and my teacher, Bobby Bloyd, helped convince them. In early ’64, dad sprung for it and a Princeton amp. The guitar was $289.

    “A couple years later, my cousin and I started getting together to play with a couple friends. When we were good enough, we started calling ourselves Page One and, for the next few years played local gigs – parties, a yearbook signing, a high-school dance, church youth dances, and several times at a local hall.”

    In 1971, Lehman was attending Fresno City College when the draft board revoked his deferment. Destined for an Army hitch, he instead enlisted in the Navy, where over the next four years he became a Vietnam Vet, a husband, father, and a resident of San Diego. The Strat, meanwhile, sat in a case in his parents’ closet. For 30 years afterward, he was occupied with college, a career as an elementary-school teacher, and the rest of life’s commitments.

    “I would occasionally get the guitar out and play a little, but months and years would go by when it just sat,” he said. “I’d sometimes talk about selling it, but mostly it was just ignored.”

    Patches of bare wood in cavities and worn areas reveal the texture of limba.
    Bare wood in the cavities reveals the texture of limba.

    After retiring from teaching, he began paying attention to collectible guitars and in early 2012 contacted Heritage Auctions, which put the Strat in a sale at the Dallas guitar show.

    “Though I played it a lot from 1964 to ’71, I somehow had the good sense to not mess with it or beat it up, so it was still 100 percent original,” he said. “I had engraved my driver license number on the back of the headstock, which Heritage reminded me of!”

    Its sale netted just under $10,000 for Lehman after Heritage commissions and fees. He also sold a mid-’60s Fender Bassman to a local shop, and with the urging of his wife, used some of the money to buy a new Carvin guitar and a new amp.

    Another limba-body Strat entered the life (and personal collection) of vintage-instrument dealer Dave Rogers more than 20 years ago.

    “A fellow called me one day, asking if I’d be interested in buying a ’60s Strat,” Rogers recalled. “He had stripped the guitar of its parts and finish years before and never got around to putting it back together. He shipped it to me in a box!”

    Opening that box, Rogers was dismayed to discover parts missing and the electronics a mess, but, “I was intrigued that the body wasn’t alder or ash,” he said. “At first, we thought it was maybe mahogany, but the color was wrong. I had never seen a Strat like it.”

    After determining the body was indeed limba, Rogers sprayed a tinted amber finish on the guitar and used it as a player for a few years. “It was very light and sounded great,” he said. And though he doesn’t generally keep refinished guitars in his collection, the body on this one earned an exception.

    A third limba-bodied Strat resides with renowned action-movie star Steven Seagal, who acquired it in 2009. “[It] is the warmest, sweetest-sounding Strat in my collection,” he said. “It was a wonderful discovery and carries a unique sonic signature I have not experienced with any other Fender instrument.”


    This article originally appeared in VG February 2014 issue. All copyrights are by the author and Vintage Guitar magazine. Unauthorized replication or use is strictly prohibited.